nsects. 2. Those of Snakes. 3. Those of Dogs and other Animals.

2610. 1. _The Bites or Stings of Insects_, such as gnats, bees, wasps,
&c., need cause very little alarm, and are, generally speaking, easily
cured. They are very serious, however, when they take place on some
delicate part of the body, such as near the eye, or in the throat. _The
treatment_ is very simple in most cases; and consists in taking out the
sting, if it is left behind, with a needle, and applying to the part a
liniment made of finely-scraped chalk and olive-oil, mixed together to
about the thickness of cream.

2611. Bathing the part bitten with warm turpentine or warm vinegar is
also of great use. If the person feels faint, he should lie quietly on
his back, and take a little brandy-and-water, or sal-volatile and water.
When the inside of the throat is the part stung, there is great danger
of violent inflammation taking place. In this case, from eight to twelve
leeches should be immediately put to the outside of the throat, and when
they drop off, the part to which they had been applied should be well
fomented with warm water. The inside of the throat is to be constantly
gargled with salt and water. Bits of ice are to be sucked. Rubbing the
face and hands well over with plain olive-oil, before going to bed, will
often keep gnats and musquitoes from biting during the night. Strong
scent, such as eau-de-Cologne, will have the same effect.

2612. 2. _Bites of Snakes_.--These are much more dangerous than the
preceding, and require more powerful remedies. The bites of the
different kinds of snakes do not all act alike, but affect people in
different ways.--_Treatment of the part bitten_. The great thing is to
prevent the poison getting into the blood; and, if possible, to remove
the whole of it at once from the body. A pocket-handkerchief, a piece of
tape or cord, or, in fact, of anything that is at hand, should be tied
tightly round the part of the body bitten; if it be the leg or arm,
immediately _above_ the bite, and between it and the heart. The bite
should then be sucked several times by any one who is near. There is no
danger in this, provided the person who does it has not got the skin
taken off any part of his mouth. What has been sucked into the mouth
should be immediately spit out again. But if those who are near have
sufficient nerve for the operation, and a suitable instrument, they
should cut out the central part bitten, and then bathe