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.--_Neuste Erfindungen und Erfahrungen_. * * * * * TAR FOR FIRING RETORTS. The attention of gas engineers has been forcibly directed to the use of tar as a fuel for the firing of retorts, now that this once high-priced material is suffering, like everything else (but, perhaps, to a more marked extent), by what is called "depression in trade." In fact, it has in many places reached so low a commercial value that it is profitable to burn it as a fuel. Happily, this is not the case at Nottingham; and our interest in tar as a fuel is more experimental, in view of what may happen if a further fall in tar products sets in. I have abandoned the use of steam injection for our experimental tar fires in favor of another system. The steam injectors produce excellent heats, but are rather intermittent in their action, and the steam they require is a serious item, and not always available. [Illustration] Tar being a _pseudo_ liquid fuel, in arranging for its combustion one has to provide for the 20 to 25 per cent. of solid carbon which it contains, and which is deposited in the furnace as a kind of coke or breeze on the distillation of the volatile portions, which are much more easily consumed than the tar coke. THE TAR FIRE I have adopted is one that can be readily adapted to an ordinary coke furnace, and be as readily removed, leaving the furnace as before. The diagram conveys some idea of the method adopted. An iron frame, d, standing on legs on the floor just in front of the furnace door, carries three fire tiles on iron bearers. The top one, a, is not moved, and serves to shield the upper face of the tile, b, from the fierce heat radiated from the furnace, and also causes the air that rushes into the furnace between the tiles, a and b, to travel over the upper face of the tile, b, on which the tar flows, thereby keeping it cool, and preventing the tar from bursting into flame until it reaches the edge of the tile, b, over the whole edge of which it is made to run fairly well by a distributing arrangement. A rapid combustion takes place here, but some unconsumed tar falls on to the bed below. About one-third of the grate area is filled up by a fire tile, and on this the tar coke falls. The tile, c, is moved away from time to time, and the tar coke that accumulates in front of it is pushed back on to the fire bars, e, at the back of the furnace, to be there consumed. Air is t
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