NTENTS

CHAP. PAGE

I. THE REFORMATION IN GERMANY 1

II. THE REFORMATION IN ENGLAND 12

III. THE GREAT CIVIL WAR 23

IV. THE DIGGERS 34

V. GERRARD WINSTANLEY 41

VI. WINSTANLEY'S EXPOSITION OF THE QUAKER DOCTRINES 52

VII. THE NEW LAW OF RIGHTEOUSNESS 68

VIII. LIGHT SHINING IN BUCKINGHAMSHIRE 79

IX. THE DIGGERS' MANIFESTOES 90

X. A LETTER TO LORD FAIRFAX, ETC. 100

XI. A WATCHWORD TO THE CITY OF LONDON, ETC. 112

XII. A NEW YEAR'S GIFT FOR THE PARLIAMENT AND ARMY 132

XIII. A VINDICATION; A DECLARATION; AND AN APPEAL 146

XIV. GERRARD WINSTANLEY'S UTOPIA: THE LAW OF FREEDOM 162

XV. THE SAME CONTINUED 179

XVI. THE SAME CONTINUED 206

XVII. CONCLUDING REMARKS 228

APPENDIX A. THE TWELVE ARTICLES OF THE GERMAN
PEASANTRY, 1525 235

" B. CROMWELL ON TOLERATION 241

" C. WINSTANLEY'S LAWS FOR A FREE COMMONWEALTH 244

BIBLIOGRAPHY 255

INDEX 257

THE DIGGER MOVEMENT

CHAPTER I

THE REFORMATION IN GERMANY

"Whatever the prejudices of some may suggest, it will be admitted
by all unbiassed judges, that the Protestant Reformation was
neither more nor less than an open rebellion. Indeed, the mere
mention of private judgment, on which it was avowedly based, is
enough to substantiate this fact. To establish the right of private
judgment, was to appeal from the Church to individuals; it was to
increase the play of each man's intellect; it was to test the
opinion of the priesthood by the opinions of laymen; it was, in
fact, a rising of the scholars against their teachers, of the ruled
against their rulers."--BUCKLE.

What is known in history as the Reformation is one