same, they
have allowed the bearing of staves."

(_d_) "When a question is demanded of any of them, they do of order
stay a great while ere they answer, and commonly their words shall
be Surely or So."

(_e_) "They hold that no man should be baptized before he is of the
age of thirty years."

(_f_) "They hold that heaven and hell are present in this world
amongst us, and that there is none other."[18:1]

(_g_) "They hold the Pope's service and this service now used in
the Churches to be naught."

(_h_) "They hold that all men that are not of their congregation,
or that are revolted from them, to be dead."

(_i_) "They hold that they ought to keep silence amongst
themselves, that the liberty they have in the Lord may not be
espied of others."

(_k_) "They hold that no man should be put to death for his
opinion: therefore they condemn Master Cranmer and Master Ridley
for burning Joan of Kent."

We shall have occasion to refer to some of these doctrines again later
on. It may be well, however, to mention here that the views that no
Christian ought to be a magistrate; that magistrates should not meddle
with religion; that no man ought to be compelled to faith, or put to
death for his religion; that war is unlawful to Christians; that their
speech should be yea or nay, without any oath: seem to have been
accepted by Anabaptists generally, as they were by the primitive
Christian communists of the fourteenth century.[18:2]

To return to our immediate subject. To the development of religious and
political thought in England, as to the inevitable struggle due to the
inherent antagonism of Catholic and Protestant ideals and aspirations,
we can refer only very briefly. The former can perhaps best be traced in
the writings of three eminent theological writers, Jewel, Hooker, and
Chillingworth. Though in 1567 we hear of the first instance of actual
punishment of Protestant Dissenters, still during the earlier portion of
the reign of Elizabeth, to the year 1571, there seems to have been a
gradual growth of national sentiment toward a simpler form of worship,
resulting in a modification of those rites and usages disliked by
Protestants of all shades and sects, and against the established policy
of forcible suppression of religious differences. In 1571, a Bill having
been introduced imposing a penalty for not receiving the communion, it