ey think they see, hear, smell, and touch that which
they do not, as shall be proved in the following discourse.

SUBSECT. II.--_Symptoms or Signs in the Mind_.

_Fear_.] Arculanus _in 9. Rhasis ad Almansor. cap. 16._ will have these
symptoms to be infinite, as indeed they are, varying according to the
parties, "for scarce is there one of a thousand that dotes alike," [2472]
Laurentius _c. 16._ Some few of greater note I will point at; and amongst
the rest, fear and sorrow, which as they are frequent causes, so if they
persevere long, according to Hippocrates [2473]and Galen's aphorisms, they
are most assured signs, inseparable companions, and characters of
melancholy; of present melancholy and habituated, saith Montaltus _cap.
11._ and common to them all, as the said Hippocrates, Galen, Avicenna, and
all Neoterics hold. But as hounds many times run away with a false cry,
never perceiving themselves to be at a fault, so do they. For Diocles of
old, (whom Galen confutes,) and amongst the juniors, [2474]Hercules de
Saxonia, with Lod. Mercatus _cap. 17. l. 1. de melan._, takes just
exceptions, at this aphorism of Hippocrates, 'tis not always true, or so
generally to be understood, "fear and sorrow are no common symptoms to all
melancholy; upon more serious consideration, I find some" (saith he) "that
are not so at all. Some indeed are sad, and not fearful; some fearful and
not sad; some neither fearful nor sad; some both." Four kinds he excepts,
fanatical persons, such as were Cassandra, Nanto, Nicostrata, Mopsus,
Proteus, the sibyls, whom [2475]Aristotle confesseth to have been deeply
melancholy. Baptista Porta seconds him, _Physiog. lib. 1, cap. 8_, they
were _atra bile perciti_: demoniacal persons, and such as speak strange
languages, are of this rank: some poets, such as laugh always, and think
themselves kings, cardinals, &c., sanguine they are, pleasantly disposed
most part, and so continue. [2476]Baptista Portia confines fear and sorrow
to them that are cold; but lovers, Sibyls, enthusiasts, he wholly excludes.
So that I think I may truly conclude, they are not always sad and fearful,
but usually so: and that [2477]without a cause, _timent de non timendis_,
(Gordonius,) _quaeque momenti non sunt_, "although not all alike" (saith
Altomarus), [2478]"yet all likely fear," [2479]"some with an extraordinary
and a mighty fear," Areteus. [2480]"Many fear death, and yet in a contrary
humour, make away themselves," Galen, _