the face of
the greatest obstacles but there was always a small group of devoted
women willing to make any sacrifice for the cause, who carried the
torch until another group could take it, and every step gained was
fought for. The history would be incomplete without mention of the
Portland Equal Franchise League, of which Mrs. Arthur L. Bates was
president, which for many years was the backbone of the State
association. The list of State officers who freely gave their services
is too long to publish. Among other prominent workers not already
mentioned were Dr. Jennie Fuller of Hartland; Mrs. Zenas Thompson and
Miss Susan Clark of Portland; Mrs. Isabel Greenwood of Farmington;
Miss Anna L. Dingley and Miss Alice Frost Lord, connected with the
Lewiston _Journal_.[72]

Among the men not mentioned elsewhere, who advocated woman suffrage in
the face of criticism and with no advantage to be gained, were Judge
William Penn Whitehouse and Obadiah Gardner of Augusta; Leonard A.
Pierce of Portland; L. B. Dessy of Bar Harbor; E. C. Reynolds of South
Portland.

FOOTNOTES:

[68] The History is indebted for this chapter to Miss Caroline Colvin,
Professor of History in the State University, Miss Helen N. Bates,
president of the State Woman Suffrage Association, 1912-1916, and Miss
Mabel Connor, president, 1917-1919.

[69] The above paragraphs have been copied for the sake of historical
accuracy from an official report of the national corresponding
secretary.--Ed.

[70] Mrs. Clarence Hale, State president of the anti-suffrage
organization, issued the following: "The large majority vote cast
against suffrage today must indicate, as did the great vote of
Massachusetts in 1915, that the East is not in favor of the entrance
of women into political life. The result should satisfy the
suffragists for all time and they should now practice the principles
of democracy and fairness, which they are so ready to preach, by
refraining from further disputing the will of the people.... We can
now return to give our services to the State and the nation in woman's
normal way."

On November 7 the "East" spoke again when the voters of New York by a
majority of 102,353 gave full suffrage to women.

[71] Besides paying the expenses of the suffrage school, the National
Association paid the salary of Mrs. Deborah Knox Livingston as
campaign manager; the salary of Miss Lola Walker from February 10 to
September 10; the salaries of eight other organ