ndustry soon places them in a better
farm than they owned before. They are thus rendered greater
capitalists, with increased means of providing for their children, who
soon take up their standing in society as its favoured class. Indeed, I
would strongly advise gentlemen of small capital to purchase ready-
cleared farms, which can be obtained in most parts of the country, with
almost every convenience, for half what the clearing of bush-land would
cost, especially by an inexperienced settler. In fact, since grants of
land are no longer given to the emigrant, there is less inducement to
go so far back into the woods.

Since 1826, a steady influx of the working classes from Great Britain
and Ireland has taken place. This has tended much to the prosperity of
the country, by cheapening labour, and the settlement of vast tracts of
wild land.

Several experiments have been made by Government in sending out pauper
emigration: that from the south of Ireland, under the superintendance
of the late Hon. Peter Robinson in 1824, was the most extensive, and
came more immediately under my own observation. I have understood that
some most obnoxious and dangerous characters were shipped off in this
expedition--no doubt to the great comfort of landlords, agents, and
tithe-proctors.

The Government behaved very liberally to these settlers. A grant of a
hundred acres of good land was given to each head of a family, and to
every son above twenty-one years of age.

A good milch cow, and rations of pork and flour were assigned to each
emigrant family. These provisions they continued to receive for upwards
of eighteen months, besides a variety of stores, such as axes, hammers,
saws, nails, grindstones, &c. A good log-shanty was also built on each
settler's lot. These people have done as well as could be expected,
considering the material of which they were composed. It has been
observed that, whenever these people were located amongst the
Protestant population, they made much better settlers than when
remaining with Catholics.

In fact, a great improvement is perceptible in the morality, industry
and education of the rising generation, who grow up more virtuous and
less bigoted to their exclusive religious opinions.

As a general rule, the English, Scotch, and north of Ireland men make
much better and more independent colonists than emigrants from the
south of Ireland.

Seven years after the location of Robinson's emigrants, a colony