hen the facts have been fully
collected, this will be the conclusion to which they
point.

[598] _Evolution of the Aryan_, Drucker's translation,
p. 369.

[599] _Ib._ pp. 364, 374.

[600] A curious survival of divination from the
agricultural period, which was taken over by the State,
but not fixed to a day in the calendar, is the _augurium
canarium_. The exta of red puppies which had been
sacrificed were consulted, apparently with a view to
ascertain the probability of the corn ripening well
(Festus, p. 285, quoting Ateius Capito). See _R.F._ p.
90, and the references there given; also Cic. _de
Legibus_, ii. 20; Fest. 379; and Wissowa in
Pauly-Wissowa, p. 2328.

[601] See above, p. 102.

[602] See Dr. Jevons' account in Gardner and Jevons,
_Manual of Greek Antiquities_, ch. vii.

[603] Bouche-Leclercq in the introduction to his first
volume (p. 3) expresses a different opinion. He thinks
that the benefit conferred by divination in the conduct
of life was the most valuable part of religion. With
this I entirely disagree.

[604] Cic. _de Divinatione_, ii. 51.

[605] See Bouche-Leclercq, iv. 119 foll. In a recently
published essay, _De antiquorum daemonismo_, by J.
Tamburnino (Giessen, 1909), the only genuine Roman
evidence adduced of possession is Minucius Felix,
_Octavius_, ch. 27, _i.e._ it belongs to the late second
century A.D. In the so-called Italian oracles there is
no question of it: _e.g._ the lots at Praeneste were
worked by a boy (Cic. _de Div._ ii. 86).

[606] Livy i. 36; Cic. _de Div._ i. 17. It is Dion. Hal.
iii. 70 who says that his art was Etruscan.

[607] Bouche-Leclercq, iv. 120.

[608] For Carmenta see _R.F._ 167 and 291 foll. For
Fortuna, _ib._ 223 foll.; cp. 170 foll.

[609] Aug. _de Civ. Dei_, iv. 11; he uses the plural
_Carmentes_; see _R.F._ as above. Virgil, _Aen._ viii.
336.

[610] As "superstitiosi vates" in the passage of Ennius
quoted below. In his imaginary _ius divinum_ Cicero uses
the word for "fatidici" authorised by the State (_de
Legg._ ii. 20). He is perhaps thinking of the
haruspices.

[611] Ribbeck, _Fragm. tragicorum Romanorum_, p. 55. For
hariolus outside the play-writers, Cic. _de Nat. Deor._
i. 20. 55, where it is combined with haruspices,
augures, vates, and co