tur_, i. 274.

[308] In the Graeco-Roman age Mars seems to have been
rather a favourite subject of myth-making; see Usener's
article on Italian myths in _Rhein. Mus._ vol. xxx.;
Roscher in _Myth. Lex._ for works of Graeco-Etruscan
art in which he appears in certain mythical scenes.

[309] H. Jordan, quoted in _R.F._ p. 61 note. I relegate
to an appendix what needs to be said about the other
pairs of deities mentioned by Gellius.

[310] Leipzig, 1898, p. 7 foll.

[311] Wissowa, _R.K._ p. 168. Carter, _op. cit._ p. 21.

[312] See Buecheler, _Umbrica_, pp. 22 and 98.

[313] So Fides is usually explained, as originally
belonging to Jupiter (Wissowa, _R.K._ p. 103 foll.); but
a different view is taken by Harold L. Axtell in his
work on the _Deification of Abstract Ideas at Rome_
(Chicago, 1907), p. 20.

[314] In the Festschrift f. O. Hirschfeld, p. 243 foll.

[315] _Religion of the Babylonians_, introductory
chapter.

[316] _Op. cit._ p. 412.

[317] _L.L._ v. 64.

[318] This fragment is No. 503 in Baehrens, _Fragm.
Poet. Rom._

[319] Lactantius, _Div. inst._ iv. 3.

[320] Crawley, _The Tree of Life_, p. 256; Farnell,
_Evolution of Religion_, p. 180; von Domaszewski,
_Abhandlungen_, p. 166, "Man ruft sie an im Gebete als
pater und mater zum Zeichen der Unterwerfung unter ihren
Willen, wie der Sohn dem Gebote des paterfamilias sich
fuegt. Der sittlich strenge Gehorsam, der das
Familienleben der Roemer beherrscht, die pietas, ist der
Sinn der roemischen religio." Cp. also Appel, _de Rom.
precationibus_, pp. 102-3, who thinks that they regarded
the gods "velut patriarchas sive patres familias." He
quotes Preller-Jordan i. 55 and Dieterich, _Eine
Mithrasliturgie_, p. 142 sq. So too with mater--"velut
mater familias."

[321] The expression seems to mean "a father made for
the purpose of the embassy." Wissowa, _R.K._ p. 477,
note 3.

[322] p. 19. This was written, it may be noted, several
years after Aust had thoroughly investigated the cult of
Jupiter for his article in the _Mythological Lexicon_;
in which cult, if anywhere, one may be tempted to see
evidence of a personal conception of deities. As Dr.
Frazer has referred to the cult of Jupiter at Praeneste,
to which I referred him as evidence of a possibly
personal