le, and edge of ears dark; fetlocks dark, sometimes
ringed with lighter colour. The colouring varies a good deal. The
horns are situated as I have before described; the anterior ones are
subject to much variation; sometimes they are absent or represented
merely by a black callous skin; others are merely little knobs; the
largest seldom exceed an inch and a-half, and the posterior horns
five inches.

SIZE.--Head and body, 40 to 42 inches; height at shoulder, 24 to 26
inches; at croup a little higher.

This little antelope, the smallest of Indian hollow-horned ruminants,
is very shy and difficult to get, even in jungles where it abounds.
It was plentiful in the Seonee district, yet I seldom came across
it, and was long before I secured a pair of live ones for my collection.
It frequents, according to my experience, bamboo jungle; but,
according to Kinloch, Jerdon and other writers, it is found in jungly
hills and open glades, in the forests, and in bushy ground near dense
forests.

It is an awkward-looking creature in action, as it runs with its neck
stuck out in a poky sort of way, making short leaps; in walking it
trips along on the tips of its toes like the little mouse-deer
(_Meminna_). The young are stated to be born in the cold season.
General Hardwicke created great confusion for a time by applying the
name _chikara_, which is that of the _Gazella Bennetti_, to this
species. It is not good eating, but can be improved by being well
larded with mutton fat when roasted. McMaster believes in the
individuality of Elliot's antelope (_T. sub-quadricornutus_), but
more evidence is required before it can be separated from
_quadricornis_. The mere variation in size, or the presence or
absence of the anterior horns and the lighter shade of colour, are
not sufficient reasons for its separation as a species, for the
_quadricornis_ is subject to variation in like manner.[39]

[Footnote 39: See notes in Appendix C.]

BOVINAE--CATTLE.

These comprise the oxen, and wind up the hollow-horned ruminants as
far as India is concerned. There are in the New World some other very
interesting animals of this group, such as the musk-ox (_Ovibos_),
and the prong-horned antelope (_Antilocapra_), which last so far
resembles the Cervidae that the horns, which are bifurcate, are also
annually shed. They come off the bony core, on which the new horn
is already beginning to form.

The Bovines are animals of large size, horned in both se