identical with _Cervus frontalis_ and Hodgson's
_Cervus dimorpha_, and which was discovered in 1838 by Captain Eld,
has been well described by Lieutenant R. C. Beavan. The following
extracts have been quoted by Professor Garrod; the full account will
be found in the 'Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal.' The food
of this species seems to consist of grass and wild paddy. "In habits
they are very wary and difficult of approach, especially the males.
They are also very timid and easily startled. The males, however,
when wounded and brought to bay with dogs, get very savage, and charge
vigorously. On being disturbed they invariably make for the open
instead of resorting to the heavy jungle, like hog deer and sambar.
In fact the thamyn is essentially a plain-loving species; and
although it will frequent tolerably open tree-jungle for the sake
of its shade, it will never venture into dense and matted underwood.
When first started the pace of the thamyn is great. It commences by
giving three or four large bounds, like the axis or spotted deer,
and afterwards settles down into a long trot, which it will keep up
for six or seven miles on end when frequently disturbed."

* * * * *

The next phase of development of which we have examples in India is
the true cervine or elaphine type of horn in which the brow-tine is
doubled by the addition of the bez; the royal is greatly enlarged
at the expense of the tres-tine, and breaks out into the branches
known as the sur-royals.

_GENUS CERVUS_.

Horns as above, muzzle pointed, muffle large and broad, with a hairy
band above the lip; hair coarse, and usually deep brown, with a light
and sometimes almost white disc or patch round the tail, which is
very short; eye-pits moderate.

NO. 476. CERVUS CASHMIRIANUS.
_The Kashmir Stag_
(_Cervus Wallichii of Jerdon, No. 217_).

NATIVE NAMES.--_Hangul_ or _Honglu_ in Kashmir; _Barasingha_,
Hindi.

HABITAT.--Kashmir. Jerdon also gives out that it is found throughout
great part of Western and Central Asia, as far as the eastern shores
of the Euxine Sea, and that it is common in Persia, where it is called
_maral_; but according to careful observations made by Sir Victor
Brooke the _maral_ is a distinct species, to which I will allude
further on. In Kashmir it frequents the Sind valley and its
offshoots; the country above also.

[Illustration: _Cervus Cashmirianus_.]

DESCRIPTION.--Brownish-ash, dark