e southern white man. In the face of our friends it
is hard to explain this discounting and this contemptuous
attitude, and yet everybody understands that it exists.
"You are only a negro and are not entitled to the courteous
treatment accorded to members of other races." Another cause
is the feeling of insecurity. The lack of legal protection in
the country is a constant nightmare to the colored people who
are trying to accumulate a comfortable little home and farm.

There is scarcely a negro mother in the country who does not
live in dread and fear that her husband or son may come in
unfriendly contact with some white person so as to bring the
lynchers or the arresting officers to her door, which may
result in the wiping out of her entire family. It must be
acknowledged that this is a sad condition.

The southern white man ought to be willing to give the negro a
man's chance without regard to his race or color; give him at
least the same protection of law given to any one else. If he
will not do this, the negro must seek those north or west who
will give him better wages and better treatment.[183]

One of the most thoughtful discussions of the causes of migration was
by W.T. Andrews, a negro lawyer and editor, formerly of Sumter, South
Carolina. In an address before the 1917 South Carolina Race Conference
he said:

In my view the chief causes of negro unrest and disturbance
are as follows: the destruction of his political privileges
and curtailment of his civil rights; no protection of life,
liberty and property under the law; Jim Crow car; residential
and labor segregation laws; no educational facilities worthy
of the name in most of the southern States. These, I believe,
are the most potent causes which are now impelling the
southern negro to seek employment and find homes in northern
and western sections of the country.

In South Carolina, and I believe it is equally true of every
southern State, except those classed as "border States,"
statute after statute has been passed to curtail the rights of
the negro, but in not a single instance can a law be pointed
to which was enacted for the purpose of enlarging his
opportunity, surrounding himself and his family with the
protection of the law, or for the betterment of his condition.
On the contrary every law passed relating