Cantonments, construction of, in South, 84.

Capital, influence on migration of Northern, 47.

Carpenters:
in Pittsburgh, 122;
wages of, 16, 86.

Carter, R.A., 146.

Causes of migrations:
Of 1879, 3-6;
unemployment, 14-15, 59;
failure of crops, 14-15, 165;
wages, 14-16, 83;
demand for labor in North, 14, 17-18, 28-29, 102, 111;
lack of educational facilities, 18-19, 81, 83;
treatment in courts, 19-20, 22, 83-85;
fee system and street tax, 20-21;
traveling accommodations, 21-22;
lynchings and mob violence, 18-19, 22, 79-81, 83, 166-167;
prejudice, 24-25, 83;
between cities in North, 117;
as expressed through the press, 152-174.

Champion Chemical Co., 128.

Charlotte _Star of Zion_, 161.

Chart showing extent and trend of migrations, 71.

_Chattanooga Times_, 169.

Chauffeurs, wages of, 114.

Chicago:
migrations to, 45, 58, 66-67, 69, 102;
opportunities, 29, 102;
increases in negro population, 7, 51;
housing, 102-106;
wages, 17, 102-103, 114;
welfare work, 103.
_See also_ East Chicago;
Illinois.

_Chicago Defender_, 29-33.

Chicago Renting Agents Association, 103.

Chicago Women's Club, 103.

Chisholm, J.N., 37.

_Christian Index_, 163.

Churches:
effects of migrations on, 86, 144;
aid rendered by, 132, 144-147.

Cigar factories, employment of women in, 129.

Cincinnati, migrations to, 57, 125.

Cleveland, migrations to, 57, 126-127.

Cleveland Association of Colored Men, 128.

Cleveland Welfare Federation, 126.

Colonization Council, 4-5.

Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, 146.

Colored Protective Association, 137.

_Columbia_ (S.C.) _State_, 155.

Columbus, migrations to, 7, 57, 126.

Commerce and Labor, Secretary of, 99.

Conferences to check migrations, 79-81, 83;
in Ohio, 128;
in New Jersey, 140;
American Federation of Labor, 147-148;
National League on Urban Conditions among Negroes, 143-144, 149.

Connecticut:
demand for labor, 54;
migrations to, 56, 58, 141-142;
wages, 142.
_See also_ Hartford.

Connors, William R., 127.

Convict system, 3-4.

Cooks, 122.

Core makers, 129.

Correspondence, influence of, on migrations, 34, 69.

Cotton crop, failures of, 14.

Council of National Defense, 120.

Courts, treatment in:
cause