ng others one of pure gold was found in 1502, in Hayti, which
weighed forty-six pounds troy. Another is mentioned as having been found
in Bolivia in 1730, weighing fifty-five pounds troy. But the wonder of
its time was found in the Ural Mountains in 1842, and weighed
ninety-seven pounds troy. This specimen the author saw, two years ago,
in the Museum of Mining at St. Petersburg. The largest single mass of
pure gold found in the United States came from California, and, if our
memory serves us correctly, weighed a little over twenty-six pounds
troy. All these examples, however, have been placed in the shade by
numerous nuggets that have been found in Victoria in later times. The
"Welcome Nugget," already mentioned, came from Balarat, in Victoria. A
nugget was also discovered here, which should be mentioned even in this
by no means complete list. We refer to that found in 1857, called the
"Blanche Berkeley," after the Governor's daughter, and which weighed one
hundred and forty-five pounds troy.

Far-seeing political economists do not hesitate to pronounce the coal
mines of New South Wales and Queensland of far more value than the gold
mines of Victoria and South Australia; and they claim that these coal
deposits are the most extensive in the world. The government of
Queensland (and we believe the governments of the other colonies also)
pays a gratuity of five hundred pounds sterling to the first discoverer
of gold-diggings, provided the new place be twenty miles away from any
previous discovery. The governments are not affected by the glamour of
the gold; that is a secondary consideration with them, for they know
that it is not the glittering metal itself which enriches the country,
but the vitality imparted by its agency. Men are brought together from
near and far in large numbers, and those are induced to work who have
never worked before. All must live, and to enable them to do so there
must be busy hands and brains occupied in other lines than that of
actual mining. The consumption of many articles is stimulated, and fresh
life infused into new and legitimate channels of trade.

Wool, not gold, is the real "King" in Queensland to-day. It is thought
by many that by and by sugar may become the rival of wool in this
section. Mackay, situated on the Pioneer River, is the chief centre of
the sugar industry of the colony, which extends over a large acreage
north of Cape Palmerston, and around the slope of Mount Bassett. Her