otes of
Missouri. At last the Missouri question was disposed of; but words had
been uttered which could not be recalled; and wounds had been inflicted
which left scars. The South could never quite forget that it had been
charged with conniving at crime in maintaining slavery. "You have
kindled a fire," said Cobb, of Georgia, to Tallmadge, "which all the
waters of the ocean cannot put out, which seas of blood only can
extinguish."

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

An account of the crisis of 1819 is contained in F. J. Turner's
_Rise of the New West_ (in _The American Nation_, vol. 14, 1906);
a shorter and less satisfactory account in A. M. Simons's _Social
Forces in American History_ (1911). Much information may be
gleaned from the pages of McMaster's history. Detailed information
must be sought in the special studies already cited, such as R. C.
H. Catterall, _The Second Bank of the United States_ (1903), and
P. J. Treat, _The National Land System, 1785-1820_ (1910). From
the vast literature dealing with slavery and the slavery
controversy, the following titles may be selected as especially
important: W. E. B. DuBois, _The Suppression of the African
Slave-Trade to the United States of America, 1638-1870_ (1896); W.
H. Collins, _The Domestic Slave-Trade_ (1904); A. B. Hart,
_Slavery and Abolition_ (in _The American Nation_, vol. 16, 1906);
N. D. Harris, _The History of Negro Servitude in Illinois_ (1904);
E. R. Turner, _The Negro in Pennsylvania_ (1911); and a number of
monographs in the Johns Hopkins University _Studies_. All the
larger histories discourse with great particularity upon the
Missouri controversy. Contemporary views of the congressional
struggle are presented in J. Q. Adams's _Memoirs_, and in T. H.
Benton's _Thirty Years' View; or, A History of the Working of
American Government, 1820-1850_ (2 vols., 1854).

CHAPTER XVI

THE NATIONAL AWAKENING

There is a measure of truth in speaking of the War of 1812 as a second
war of independence. In throwing off the shackles of British commercial
ascendency, American society experienced much the same sense of elation
and liberation as the peoples of Europe who contemporaneously rose in
their might against Napoleon and asserted their right to independent
national existence. The war was followed in the United States by an
expansion of the vital force