there was widespread
sentiment in favor of the establishment of a republic. The continuance
of monarchy was regarded, however, as the course which might be
expected to meet with most general approval throughout Europe, and in
a spirit of conciliation the Storthing tendered to King Oscar an offer
to elect as sovereign a member of the Swedish royal family. The offer
was rejected; whereupon the Storthing selected as a candidate Prince
Charles, second son of the then Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark, the
late King Frederick VIII. November 12 and 13, 1905, the Norwegian
people, by a vote of 259,563 to 69,264, ratified the Storthing's
choice, the advocates of a republic recording some 33,000 votes. The
new sovereign was crowned at Trondhjem June 22, 1906. By assuming the
title of Haakon VII. he purposely emphasized the essential continuity
of the present Norwegian monarchy with that of mediaeval times.[810]

[Footnote 810: Haakon VI. reigned 1343-1380,
shortly before the Union of Kalmar. For brief
accounts of the relations of Sweden and Norway
under the union see Bain, Scandinavia, Chap. 17;
Cambridge Modern History, XI., Chap. 24, XII.,
Chap. 11; Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Generale,
X., Chap. 18; XI., Chap. 12; XII., Chap. 7. The
best general treatise is A. Aall and G. Nikol, Die
Norwegische-schwedische Union, ihr Bestehen und
ihre Loesung (Breslau, 1912). From the Norwegian
point of view the subject is well treated in F.
Nansen, Norge og Foreningen med Sverige
(Christiania, 1905), in translation, Norway and the
Union with Sweden (London, 1905); from the Swedish,
in K. Nordlung, Den svensk-norska krisen (Upsala
and Stockholm, 1905), in translation. The
Swedish-Norwegian Union Crisis, A History with
Documents (Stockholm, 1905). Worthy of mention are
R. Pillons, L'Union scandinave (Paris, 1899); A.
Mohn, La Suede et la revolution norvegienne (Geneva
and Paris, 1906); and Jordan, La separation de la
Suede et de la Norvege (Paris, 1906). A useful
survey is P. Woultrin, in _Annales des Sciences