ble, the selvedges may
lie, side by side.

[Illustration: FIG. 11. TOP OR OVER-SEWING STITCH.]

ANOTHER KIND OF SEWING-STITCH (fig. 12)--For dress-seams and patching;
sew left to right, tacking or pinning the edges together first, and
holding them tightly with the thumb and finger, to keep perfectly even.

[Illustration: FIG 12. ANOTHER KIND OF SEWING-STITCH.]

ANTIQUE OR OLD-GERMAN SEAM (figs. 13 and 14).--Tack or pin the
selvedges together as above, then, pointing your needle upwards from
below, insert it, two threads from the selvedge, first on the wrong
side, then on the right, first through one selvedge, then through the
other, setting the stitches two threads apart. In this manner, the
thread crosses itself, between the two selvedges, and a perfectly flat
seam is produced. Seams of this kind occur in old embroidered linen
articles, where the stuff was too narrow to allow for any other. A
similar stitch, fig. 14, only slanting, instead of quite straight, as in
fig. 13, is used in making sheets.

[Illustration: FIG. 13. ANTIQUE OR OLD-GERMAN SEAM.]

[Illustration: FIG. 14. ANTIQUE OR OLD GERMAN SEAM.]

FRENCH DOUBLE SEAM (fig. 15).--For joining such stuffs as fray, use
the so-called French-seam.

[Illustration: FIG 15. FRENCH DOUBLE-SEAM.]

Run your two pieces of stuff together, the wrong sides touching, and the
edges perfectly even, then turn them round just at the seam, so that the
right sides come together inside, and the two raw edges are enclosed
between, and run them together again. See that no threads are visible on
the outside. This seam is used chiefly in dress-making, for joining
slight materials together which cannot be kept from fraying by any other
means.

HEMMED DOUBLE SEAM (figs. 16 and 17).--Turn in the two raw edges, and
lay them one upon the other, so that the one next the forefinger, lies
slightly higher than the one next the thumb. Insert the needle, not
upwards from below but first into the upper edge, and then, slightly
slanting, into the lower one. This seam is used in dress-making, for
fastening down linings. Fig. 17 shows another kind of double seam, where
the two edges are laid together, turned in twice, and hemmed in the
ordinary manner, with the sole difference, that the needle has to pass
through a sixfold layer of stuff.

[Illustration: FIG. 16. HEMMED DOUBLE-SEAM.]

[Illustration: FIG. 17. OPEN HEMMED DOUBLE-SEAM.]

GATHERING (fig. 18).--Gathers are made with running-st