the United States would not trouble them.

Now Enver Pasha and Taalat Pasha, the real rulers of Turkey, determined
that there should be no blunder or mistake; they would exterminate the
nearly two million Christian Armenians, who were Turkish subjects, and
thus remove a serious problem in the management of Turkey and all
danger of the Armenians rendering assistance to the Allies.

One of the chief indictments of the German government, under William
II, is that it uttered no protest while the Armenian men in the vigor
of life were taken from the villages by the hundred and shot, or killed
in more brutal ways, and the old men, women, and children obliged to
march off to a distant desert part of Asia Minor, or to the malarial
swamps of the Euphrates. Of course, they nearly all died on the way.
About one million Armenians were exterminated in this way in 1915. The
German government could have stopped it by a word. But how could they
say the word? They had hardly finished their Belgian atrocities and
were still deporting men and girls from Belgium and France. No protest
came from the Kaiser, his ministers; or his people.

The Armenians dress very largely in red. A common costume of women and
girls is striking even at a distance because of the amount of red in
it. The same is true to a less degree of the men. The hordes of old
men, old women, the sick, and the frail, with children of all ages
marching mile after mile, often in cold and rain with no food except
what they had been able to seize as they were driven on a moment's
notice from their homes and villages, leaving their strong men brutally
slaughtered, have been called "red caravans of death," and in truth
they were caravans of victims seeking, desiring, praying for death, and
marching on till death relieved them.

In 1915, the Turkish armies in Palestine, under German leadership,
attempted to gain possession of the Suez Canal, in order to prevent
supplies passing through on Allied ships. Although the Turks made
several attempts to block the canal, they were all unsuccessful. After
these numerous attacks on the canal, England realized that the only
safe way to protect her Egyptian possessions was to gain Palestine. In
1916 a plan was made for an offensive into the Holy Land. The plan was
first tried by General Maxwell and then by General Murray, but both
attempts were unsuccessful.

In June, 1917, the English transferred General Allenby, then fighting