uietly, and on the fourth day, [2] on April 15, the troops were
removed from the streets.

[Footnote 1: On the term New Russia see p. 40, n. 3.]

[Footnote 2: The Greek-Orthodox Passover lasts officially three days,
but an additional day is celebrated by the populace.]

At that moment the pogrom began. The organizers of the riots sent a
drunken Russian into a saloon kept by a Jew, where he began to make
himself obnoxious. When the saloon-keeper pushed the trouble maker out
into the street, the crowd, which was waiting outside, began to shout:
"The Zhyds are beating our people," and threw themselves upon the Jews
who happened to pass by.

This evidently was the prearranged signal for the pogrom. The Jewish
stores in the market-place were attacked and demolished, and the goods
looted or destroyed. At first, the police, assisted by the troops,
managed somehow to disperse the rioters. But on the second day the
pogrom was renewed with greater energy and better leadership, amidst the
suspicious inactivity both of the military and police authorities. The
following description of the events is taken from the records of the
official investigation which were not meant for publication and are
therefore free from the bureaucratic prevarications characteristic of
Russian public documents:

During the night from the 15th to the 16th of April, an attack was
made upon Jewish houses, primarily upon liquor stores, on the
outskirts of the town, on which occasion one Jew was killed. About
seven o'clock in the morning, on April 16, the excesses were
renewed, spreading with extraordinary violence all over the city.
Clerks, saloon and hotel waiters, artisans, drivers, flunkeys, day
laborers in the employ of the Government, and soldiers on
furlough--all of these joined the movement. The city presented an
extraordinary sight: streets covered with feathers and obstructed
with broken furniture which had been thrown out of the residences;
houses with broken doors and windows; a raging mob, running about
yelling and whistling in all directions and continuing its work of
destruction without let or hindrance, and, as a finishing touch to
this picture, complete indifference displayed by the local
non-Jewish inhabitants to the havoc wrought before their eyes. The
troops which had been summoned to restore order were without
definite instructions, and, at each attack of the mob on another
house, would wait for or