g it will be before the energy residing in a battery, or that in a
reservoir of compressed air, will supersede horse power to drive the
reaping machine, I don't know, but I don't suppose it will be very
long. The mowing and reaping machines not only cut the crop and
distribute it in swaths, or, in the case of the reaping machine, in
bundles, but now, in the instance of these latter machines, are
competent to bind it into sheaves. In lieu of hand tedding, haymaking
machines are employed, tossing the grass into the air, so as to
thoroughly aerate it, taking advantage of every brief interval of fine
weather; and seed and manure are distributed by machine with unfailing
accuracy. The soil is drained by the aid of properly constructed plows
for preparing the trenches; roots are steamed and sliced as food for
cattle; and the thrashing machine no longer merely beats out the
grain, but it screens it, separates it, and elevates the straw, so as
to mechanically build it up into a stack. I do not know a better class
of machine than the agricultural portable engine. Every part of it is
perfectly proportioned and made; it is usually of the locomotive type,
and the economy of fuel in its use is extremely great. I cannot help
thinking that the improvement in this respect which has taken place in
these engines, and the improvement of agricultural machinery
generally, is very largely due to the Royal Agricultural Society, one
of the most enterprising bodies in England.

I now come to the very last subject I propose to speak upon, and that
is

PRINTING MACHINERY,

and especially as applied to the printing of newspapers. In 1831, we
had the steam press sending out a few hundred copies in an hour, and
doing that upon detached sheets, and thus many hours were required for
an edition of some thousands. The only way of expediting the matter
would have been to have recomposed the paper, involving, however,
double labor to the compositors, and a double chance of error. At the
present day, we have, by the Walter press, the paper printed on a
continuous sheet at a rate per hour at least three times as great as
that of the presses of 1831, and, by the aid of _papier mache_ moulds,
within five minutes from the starting of the first press, a second
press can be got to work from the stereotype plates, and a third one
in the next five minutes; and thus the wisdom of our senators, which
has been delivered as late as three o'clock in the morning, i