st, or transported to
any distance required. When it is desired to utilize the force thus
stored, the poles are changed by grounding the positive wire, and
attaching the other to the conduit through which the electricity is to
flow. The chemical action is thus reversed, and the PbO2 is reduced to
Pb3O4, the oxygen thus set free attacks the Pb on the other plate,
oxidizing it to Pb3O4, thus unlocking all the caloric which was
occluded by the first action. In a battery of this kind weighing 75
pounds, we are informed by Sir William Thomson, that one million foot
pounds of force may be stored, and again set free for use.

Thus we find that the principle upon which the Faure battery is formed
is not new, and the prime factor producing the phenomena is the same
as has been shown to have caused all other phenomena referred to, and
indeed the principle is the same as now employed by the author in the
basic dephosphorizing process, i.e., caloric is occluded in
phosphorus by smelting in a blast furnace, and unlocked in the
converter, for the purpose of securing the fluidity of the metal
during treatment. The difference being, that one is done by
non-luminous, while the other is by luminous combustion.

If we consider the phenomenon of light, we find that it is due to the
same force. As before stated, when we oxidize carbon, or hydrogen, as
in the rapid combustion of wood, oil, or coal, the escaping caloric
flies off with such great speed as to cause the molecules in the
circumambient medium to assume a velocity which exhibits luminosity.
Thus the light produced by burning candles, oil, gas, wood, and coal,
is caused by the same prime factor, dynamic caloric.

The force of caloric is imponderable and invisible, and is only known
by its effects. We do know that it is occluded in metals and other
material, because we can unlock it and set it free, or we can transfer
it from one body to another, and by measuring its effects, we can
determine its quantity. We know that it prefers to travel over one
vehicle more than another, and by this knowledge we are able to
insulate it, and thus conduct it in any direction desired. The
materials through which it passes with the greatest freedom are called
conductors, and the materials which most retard its passage,
non-conductors; but these terms must be taken in a comparative sense
only, as in fact there are no absolute non-conductors of dynamic
caloric, or of what we call electricity.

The