s a nib inserted in the side
of the guide enters the first groove and all of the others in
succession and regulates the spacing.

One of the best applications of this tool is shown in the small
engraving. In this case a table similar to the saw table before
described is supported in a vertical position, and arranged at right
angles with the cutter mandrel. The mandrel is of the same diameter as
the cutter, and serves as a guide to the pattern which carries the
work to be operated upon. The principal use of this contrivance is to
shape the edges of curved or irregular metal work. The casting to be
finished is fastened--by cement if small, and by clamps if large--to a
pattern having exactly the shape required in the finished work.

[Illustration: METAL SHAPING.]

By moving the pattern in contact with the table and the mandrel, while
the latter revolves, the edges of the work will be shaped and finished
at the same time. By substituting a conical cutter for a cylindrical
one, the work may be beveled; by using both, the edge may be made
smooth and square, while the corner is beveled.

The tool shown in Fig. 12 might properly be called a barrel saw. It is
made by drilling in the end of a steel rod and forming the teeth with
a file. To avoid cracking in tempering a small hole should be drilled
through the side near the bottom of the larger hole. To insure the
free working of the tool it should be turned so that its cutting edge
will be rather thicker than the position behind it. This tool should
be made in various sizes.

Tools for gear cutting and also cutters for wood have not been
mentioned in this paper; as they are proper subjects for separate
treatment.

WOOD WORKING.

It is not the intention of the writer to enter largely into the
subject of wood working, but simply to suggest a few handy attachments
to the foot lathe which will greatly facilitate the operations of the
amateur wood worker, and will be found very useful by almost any one
working in wood. It is not an easy matter to split even thin lumber
into strips of uniform width by means of a handsaw, but by using the
circular saw attachment, shown in Fig. 1, the operation becomes rapid
and easy, and the stuff may be sawed or slit at any desired angle or
bevel. The attachment consists of a saw mandrel of the usual form, and
a wooden table supported by a right angled piece, A, of round iron
fitted to the toolpost and clamped by a wooden cleat, B, which is