one division of the fruit, with the enclosed seed,
x 3. _em._ the embryo. _F_, diagram of the flower. _G_, leaf and
inflorescence of the basswood, _Tilia_ (_Tiliaceae_), x 1/3. _br._ a
bract. _H_, a single flower, x 1. _I_, group of stamens, with
petal-like appendage (_x_), x 2. _J_, diagram of the flower.]

The fourth group of the _Choripetalae_ is the _Eucyclae_. The flowers
most commonly have the parts in fives, and the stamens are never more
than twice as many as the sepals. The carpels are usually more or less
completely united into a compound pistil. There are four orders,
comprising twenty-five families.

[Illustration: FIG. 107.--Types of _Eucyclae_ (_Gruinales_). _A_, wild
crane's-bill _Geranium_ (_Geraniaceae_), x 1/2. _B_, a petal, x 1. _C_,
the young fruit, the styles united in a column, x 1/2. _D_, the ripe
fruit, the styles separating to discharge the seeds, x 1/2. _E_, section
of a seed, x 2. _F_, wild flax. _Linum_ (_Linaceae_), x 1/2. _G_, a
single flower, x 2. _H_, cross-section of the young fruit, x 3. _I_,
flower. _J_, leaf of wood-sorrel, _Oxalis_ (_Oxalideae_), x 1. _K_, the
stamens and pistil, x 2. _L_, flower of jewel-weed, _Impatiens_
(_Balsamineae_), x 1. _M_, the same, with the parts separated. _p_,
petals. _s_, sepals. _an._ stamens. _gy._ pistil. _N_, fruit, x 1.
_O_, the same, opening. _P_, a seed, x 2.]

The first order (_Gruinales_) includes six families, consisting for
the most part of plants with conspicuous flowers. Here belong the
geraniums (Fig. 107, _A_), represented by the wild geraniums and
crane's-bill, and the very showy geraniums (_Pelargonium_) of the
gardens. The nasturtiums (_Tropaeolum_) represent another family,
mostly tropical, and the wood-sorrels (_Oxalis_) (Fig. 107, _I_) are
common, both wild and cultivated. The most useful member of the order
is unquestionably the common flax (_Linum_), of which there are also
several native species (Fig. 107, _F_). These are types of the flax
family (_Linaceae_). Linen is the product of the tough, fibrous inner
bark of _L. usitatissimum_, which has been cultivated for its fibre
from time immemorial. The last family is the balsam family
(_Balsamineae_). The jewel-weed or touch-me-not (_Impatiens_), so
called from the sensitive pods which spring open on being touched, is
very common in moist ground everywhere (Fig. 107, _L-P_). The garden
balsam, or lady's slipper, is a related species (_I. balsamina_).

[Illustration: FIG. 108.-