iflorae_, the majority belong to the two
families _Onagraceae_ and _Lythraceae_. The former includes the evening
primroses (_OEnothera_), willow-herb (_Epilobium_) (Fig. 113, _D_),
and fuchsia; the latter, the purple loosestrife (_Lythrum_) and swamp
loosestrife (_Nesaea_). The water-milfoil (_Myriophyllum_) (Fig. 113,
_J_) is an example of the family _Haloragidaceae_, and the _Rhexias_ of
the eastern United States represent with us the family _Melastomaceae_.

The sixth order of the _Calyciflorae_ is a small one (_Thymelinae_),
represented in the United States by very few species. The flowers are
four-parted, the calyx resembling a corolla, which is usually absent.
The commonest member of the order is the moosewood (_Dirca_)
(Fig. 113, _A_), belonging to the first of the three families
(_Thymelaeaceae_). Of the second family (_Elaeagnaceae_), the commonest
example is _Shepherdia_, a low shrub having the leaves covered with
curious, scurfy hairs that give them a silvery appearance. The third
family (_Proteaceae_) has no familiar representatives.

The seventh order (_Rosiflorae_) includes many well-known plants, all
of which may be united in one family (_Rosaceae_), with several
sub-families. The flowers are usually five-parted with from five to
thirty stamens, and usually numerous, distinct carpels. In the apple
and pear (Fig. 114, _I_), however, the carpels are more or less grown
together; and in the cherry, peach, etc., there is but a single carpel
giving rise to a single-seeded stone-fruit (drupe) (Fig. 114, _E_,
_H_). In the strawberry (Fig. 114, _A_), rose (_G_), cinquefoil
(_Potentilla_), etc., there are numerous distinct, one-seeded carpels,
and in _Spiraea_ (Fig. 114, _F_) there are five several-seeded carpels,
forming as many dry pods when ripe. The so-called "berry" of the
strawberry is really the much enlarged flower axis, or "receptacle,"
in which the little one-seeded fruits are embedded, the latter being
what are ordinarily called the seeds.

[Illustration: FIG. 114.--_Calyciflorae_ (_Rosiflorae_). _A_,
inflorescence of strawberry (_Fragaria_), x 1/2. _B_, a single flower,
x 1. _C_, section of _B_. _D_, floral diagram. _E_, vertical section
of a cherry-flower (_Prunus_), x 1. _F_, vertical section of the
flower of _Spiraea_, x 2. _G_, vertical section of the bud of a wild
rose (_Rosa_), x 1. _H_, vertical section of the young fruit, x 1.
_I_, section of the flower of an apple (_Pyrus_), x 1. _J_, floral