shows their innocent simplicity:--

"When the same person feeds the lambs, and this should be the
dairymaid, the lambs soon become attached to her, and would follow
her every where: but to prevent their bleating, and to make them
contented, an apron or a piece of cloth, hung on a stake or bush in
the paddock, will keep them together."--(Vol. ii. p. 611.)

After treating of the various risks which ewes and lambs are subject to,
the final result for which a skilful shepherd should look, is thus
stated:--

"He should not be satisfied with his exertions unless he has
preserved one-half the number of ewes with twin-lambs, nor should he
congratulate himself if he has lost a single ewe in lambing. I am
aware these results cannot always be commanded; but I believe an
attentive and skilful shepherd will not be satisfied for all his
toil, night and day, for three weeks, if he has not attained these
results. The ewes may have lambed twins to greater number than the
half, and yet many pairs may have been broken to supply the
deficiencies occasioned by the deaths of single lambs. * * * In
regard to Cheviots, it is considered a favourable result to rear a
lamb for each ewe; and with blackfaced ewes, eighteen lambs out of
the score of ewes is perhaps one as favourable. Cheviots yield a few
pairs, blackfaced very few. The former sometimes require assistance
in lambing, the latter seldom."--(Vol. ii. pp. 614, 615.)

An entire chapter is given to the _training and working of the shepherd's
dog_. Like master like man, says the old adage--like shepherd like dog,
says Mr Stephens:--

"The natural temper of the shepherd may be learned from the way in
which he works his dog among sheep. When you observe an aged dog
making a great noise, bustling about in an impatient manner, running
fiercely at a sheep and turning him quickly, biting at his ears and
legs, you may conclude, without hesitation, that the shepherd who
owns him is a man of hasty temper."--(Vol. ii. p. 625.)

But a well-trained dog has the following qualifications:--

"Dogs, when thus gently and cautiously trained, become very
sagacious, and will visit every part of a field where sheep are most
apt to stray, and where danger is most to be apprehended to befall
them, such as a weak part of a fence, deep ditches, or deep furrows