es the most skill, experience and courage.

100. IS WATER APPLICABLE IN ALL TYPHOID CASES?

The question has been raised, whether in typhoid cases, and in cases of
torpid reaction in general, water is at all applicable? I can answer the
question only in the affirmative; but I must add, that the treatment of
such cases requires more than confidence and courage: it requires a nice
discrimination to know the exact moment, when water may be applied, what
should be its temperature, how long the bath should last, what kind of
baths should be given, whether the pack will be of service, &c.

101. RULES FOR THE APPLICATION OF WATER IN TYPHOID CASES.

As a general rule, in typhoid cases, bathing should form one of the
principal features of the treatment; i. e. the patient should have more
baths than packs in proportion to the treatment of other cases.

102. The temperature of the baths should be in proportion to the
reactive power of the body; i. e. the longer the patient has been sick,
and the weaker he is, the higher should be the temperature of the water,
but never so high as to have rather a weakening than a strengthening
effect upon the nervous system. The highest temperature which may be
used should not exceed 75 deg. F.

103. When the delirium is active, the patient restless, almost raging,
the water should be used colder; when the delirium is more passive, the
patient weak, muttering, the water should be warmer: in the former case,
the water may be between 50 and 60 deg., in the latter, between 60 and 70 deg..

104. When the skin is hot and dry, a wet-sheet pack will produce relief,
and assist in bringing out the rash. After the pack, a half-bath should
be given, the duration of which must be regulated by the condition of
the brain. If the delirium continues, the bath should be prolonged.

105. The patient should not leave the bath before his head is clearer.
It may be necessary for the patient to stay in the bath for more than
half an hour.

106. In a low condition, with passive delirium, the packs should not be
continued very long, as they will be apt to increase the bad condition
of the brain. In that case they should be used only to prepare the body
for the bath following it.

107. When the skin is cool and moist, neither a bath nor a pack is
indicated. When the skin is rather cool and dry, an affusion of cold
water and frictions with the bare hands should be used, and the patient
packed afte