the jig wince, or
wince dye beck, consists of a large rectangular, or, in some cases,
hemicylindrical dye-vat. Probably the best shape would be to have a vat
with one straight side at the front, and one curved side at the back. In
some a small guide roller is fitted at the bottom, under which the
pieces to be dyed pass. Steam pipes are provided for heating the
dye-liquors. The becks should be fitted with a false bottom made of
wood, perforated with holes, or of wooden lattice work, and below which
the steam pipes are placed; the object being to prevent the pieces from
coming in contact with the steam pipe, and so preventing the production
of stains. Above the dye-vat, and towards the back, is the wince, a
revolving skeleton wheel, which draws the pieces out of the dye-vat at
the front, and delivers them into it again at the back. The construction
of this wince is well shown in the drawings. The wince will take the
pieces full breadth, but often they are somewhat folded, and so several
pieces, four, five or six strings as they are called, can be dealt with
at one time. In this case a guide rail is provided in the front part of
the machine. In this rail are pegs which serve to keep the pieces of
cloth separate, and so prevent entanglements. The pieces are stitched
end to end so as to form an endless band. When running through the vat
they fall down in folds at the back part of the beck, and are drawn out
of the bottom and up in the front. Each part thus remains for some time
in the dye-liquor, during which it necessarily takes up the dye.

[Illustration: FIG. 22.--Dye Beck.]

In the jig and wince dyeing machines the pieces necessarily are for a
part of the time, longer in the case of the jigger than in that of the
wince, out of the dye-liquor and exposed to the air. In the case of
some dyes, indigo especially, this is not desirable, and yet it is
advisable to run the cloth open for some time in the liquor, so as to
get it thoroughly impregnated with the dye-liquor, or to become dyed.
This may be done on such a machine, as is shown in Fig. 24, page 79, but
having all the guide rollers below the liquor, so that at no time is the
piece out of the liquor, except, of course, when entering and leaving.

[Illustration: FIG. 23.--Holliday's Machine for Hawking Cloth.]

The so-called hawking machines have also this object in view, and Fig.
23 is an illustration of Holliday's hawking machine, made by Messrs.
Read Holliday & Sons