ame of the observer of the horse, for the
only difficulty lay in the observation of the questioner. The numerals I
and II indicate two series taken at different times.

-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
| v. H. | Pf. | Schu. | St.
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
Questioner. | I II | I II | I II | I II
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
v. Osten | 9 15 | 34 17 | - -- | 8 27
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
Schillings | - -- | 19 17 | 6 16 | - --
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
Pfungst | 6 13 | -- -- | - -- | 9 --
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------

We have omitted from this table several tests in which the observer of
the questioner noticed no head jerks whatever, and therefore could not
arrest his stop-watch, although the horse responded correctly. Four
tests of this kind were made by Mr. von Hornbostel, two by Mr. Pfungst,
two by Mr. Schumann and five by Mr. Stumpf. In the case of Mr. Pfungst
the horse gave the unusually high number of fifty taps. The attention of
the observer had been taxed too long and had failed him (two seconds is
the most favorable time). The head-jerk of Mr. von Osten evidently
occurred during a lapse in Mr. Pfungst's attention and therefore
remained unnoticed.

-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
| v. H. | Pf. | Schu. | St.
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
Questioner. | I II | I II | I II | I II
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
R. | 44% 60% | 62% 88% | -- -- | 0% 48%
V. Osten. | | | |
W. | 56% 20% | 12% 0% | -- -- |100% 22%
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
R. |100% 92% | -- -- | -- -- |100% --
Pfungst. | | | |
W. | 0% 0% | -- -- | -- -- | 0% --
-----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------
R. | -- -- | 74% 100% | 83% 100% | -- --
Schillings. | | | |
W. | -- -- | 5%