tion of the state-owned telephone monopoly has
begun
domestic: cable, open wire, and microwave radio relay; 3 cellular
networks
international: satellite earth stations--2 Intelsat, NA Eutelsat, 2
Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), and 1 Intersputnik
(Atlantic Ocean region)

Radio broadcast stations: AM 27, FM 75, shortwave 1 (1994 est.)

Radios: 9.9 million registered (1996)

Television broadcast stations: 150 (1997)

Televisions: 9.4 million registered (1996)

Transportation

Railways:
total: 24,313 km
broad gauge: 652 km 1.520-m gauge
standard gauge: 22,243 km 1.435-m gauge (11,648 km electrified;
8,978 km double track)
narrow gauge: 1,418 km various gauges including 1.000-m, 0.785-m,
0.750-m, and 0.600-m (1996)

Highways:
total: 377,048 km
paved: 247,721 km (including 264 km of expressways)
unpaved: 129,327 km (1997 est.)

Waterways: 3,812 km navigable rivers and canals (1996)

Pipelines: crude oil and petroleum products 2,280 km; natural gas
17,000 km (1996)

Ports and harbors: Gdansk, Gdynia, Gliwice, Kolobrzeg, Szczecin,
Swinoujscie, Ustka, Warsaw, Wrocaw

Merchant marine:
total: 61 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,162,954 GRT/1,866,462
DWT
ships by type: bulk 53, cargo 3, chemical tanker 2, roll-on/roll-off
cargo 1, short-sea passenger 2 (1998 est.)

Airports: 92 (1998 est.)

Airports--with paved runways:
total: 74
over 3,047 m: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 25
1,524 to 2,437 m: 38
914 to 1,523 m: 6
under 914 m: 3 (1998 est.)

Airports--with unpaved runways:
total: 18
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 9
under 914 m: 7 (1998 est.)

Heliports: 3 (1998 est.)

Military

Military branches: Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Force

Military manpower--military age: 19 years of age

Military manpower--availability:
males age 15-49: 10,417,314 (1999 est.)

Military manpower--fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 8,104,484 (1999 est.)

Military manpower--reaching military age annually:
males: 334,420 (1999 est.)

Military expenditures--dollar figure: $3.3 billion (1998)

Military expenditures--percent of GDP: 2.2% (1998)

Transnational Issues

Disputes--international: none

Illicit drugs: major illicit producer of amphetamines for the
international market; transshipment point for Asian and Latin
American illicit drugs to Western Europe

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