ng to the programme of 1830. He tried to support the
regency of the duchess in the chamber on the 24th of February, only to find
that the time was past for [v.03 p.0440] half-measures. He acquiesced in
the republic and gave his adhesion to General Cavaignac. He became the
chief of Louis Napoleon's first ministry in the hope of extracting Liberal
measures, but was dismissed in 1849 as soon as he had served the
president's purpose of avoiding open conflict. After the _coup d'etat_ of
December 1851 he was one of those who sought to accuse Napoleon of high
treason. He was imprisoned for a short time and retired from active
politics for some ten years. He was drawn once more into affairs by the
hopes of reform held out by Emile Ollivier, accepting in 1869 the
presidency of an extra-parliamentary committee on decentralization. After
the fall of the empire he was nominated by Thiers, whom he had supported
under Louis Philippe, president of the council of state. But his powers
were now failing, and he had only filled his new office for about a year
when he died at Bougival on the 6th of August 1873. He had been
sufficiently an optimist to believe in the triumph of the liberal but
non-republican institutions dear to him under the restoration, under Louis
Philippe and Louis Napoleon successively. He was unable to foresee and
unwilling to accept the consequences of his political agitation in 1830 and
1848, and in spite of his talents and acknowledged influence he thus failed
to secure the honours won by more uncompromising politicians. He was
described by Thureau-Dangin as "le plus solennel des indecis, le plus
meditatif des irreflechis, le plus heureux des ambitieux, le plus austere
des courtisans de la foule."

His personal relations with Louis Philippe and Napoleon, with his views on
the events in which he was concerned, are described in the four volumes of
his _Memoires_, edited by Duvergier de Hauranne in 1875-1876. See also
Thureau-Dangin, _Hist. de la monarchie de juillet_.

BARROW, ISAAC (1630-1677), English mathematician and divine, was the son of
Thomas Barrow, a linen-draper in London, belonging to an old Suffolk and
Cambridgeshire family. His uncle was Bishop Isaac Barrow of St Asaph
(1614-1680). He was at first placed for two or three years at the
Charterhouse school. There, however, his conduct gave but little hopes of
his ever succeeding as a scholar. But after his removal from this
establishment to Felsted school i