syllables as _aeb_, _aed_, _aeg_,
_aev_, etc., exemplify all the varieties of stress.

The =Atonics= correspond with the first eleven of the subtonics as given
above, from which they differ almost alone in having _no_ vocality. They
are _p_, _t_, _k_, _f_, _s_, _h_, _wh_ (as in _when_), _th_ (as in
_thin_), _sh_, and _ch_ (as in _child_, by some considered not
elementary).

EXERCISE.--1. Form a list of such words as _pipe_, _tote_,
_kick_, _fife_, _siss_, etc., and severally utter them slowly,
holding the final element for a moment, and then letting the
breath escape suddenly; then, holding the initial letter firmly
for a moment let it come forcibly against the sound of the
remainder of the word, producing an abrupt opening, and radical
stress of the vowel concrete. 2. Aspirate strongly the atonics
as given above.

EXERCISE RECAPITULATORY.--1. Produce the syllable _pae_ in an
articulate whisper in all the different varieties of pitch,
interval, and stress. 2. Repeat with such syllables as _paw_,
_pooh_, _p[=o]h_, etc. 3. Utter these syllables (1) expulsively,
(2) explosively, with varying intervals both upward and
downward, and producing distinct and clearly attenuated
vanishes. 4. Select some passage of poetry involving passionate
thought, and read in articulated whispers, with appropriate
intonations, somewhat exaggerated, it may be. Let the intervals
and stresses be slowly and distinctly given. 5. Repeat the
exercise in a half whisper. 6. Next read the passage over
several times in pure vocality, without exaggeration, increasing
the strength of the utterance until it is as full and ringing as
possible. Care must be taken that the utterance is in reality
full and ringing, not sharp and hard. Let the pitch chosen be
not too high--as low as possible; and let the tones come mainly
from the chest and lower part of the throat.

NOTE.--In all the exercises care should be taken that they be performed
easily and naturally, with perfect deliberation and without undue force;
else they will be harmful rather than useful.

EXERCISE IN CONCRETE INTERVALS CONTINUED.--1. Read with
appropriate intonations: "_Did you say [a:], as in all?_"--"_No,
I said ae, as in arm_,"--producing in the emphatic syllables
suitable rising or falling intervals of _one tone_. Then repeat,
but with greater emphasis, producin