in America, 207

Industrial Commission, on Polish immigrants, 167;
report on immigration, 228

Industrial Workers of the World, Finns in, 160

Inspirationists, 80-84

Iowa, frontiersmen in, 36;
Inspirationists in, 82-84;
Icarians in, 101;
Germans in, 134, 141;
Slavs in, 213

Irish, in America, 6, 103 _et seq._;
half population of Ireland emigrates to America, 104;
reasons for emigration, 105-107;
in Continental Army, 108;
pauper immigrants from, 110;
travel conditions for immigrants, 111-12;
present immigration, 121;
economic advance in America, 122-23;
contrasted with Germans, 124;
number of immigrants (1820-1910), 150;
in New England mills, 215;
in Lawrence (Mass.), 216;
in Johnstown (Penn.), 216;
in Granite City (Ill.), 217;
in coal mines of Pennsylvania, 218

Irish Republican Brotherhood, 119

Isaacks, Isaac, 30

Italians, in South, 65, 210-11;
as laborers, 122;
in United States, 180-83;
on poor land, 210;
in New England mills, 215;
in Pennsylvania, 216, 217, 218

Jahn, F.L., organizes _Turnvereine_, 131

James, Henry, on foreigners in Boston, 162-63

Jansen, Olaf, 88, 89

Janson, Eric, 85-87, 89

Jansonists, 85-89, 90

Japan, agreement with (1907), 205-06

Japanese, in United States, 203-207;
hostility toward, 205-207;
order of exclusion from United States, 206

Jay, John, 16

Jews, in America, 16-17, 176-180;
Spanish-Portuguese, 177;
German, 177;
Austrian, 178;
Hungarian, 178;
Russian, 178-79

Johnstown (Penn.), racial changes in, 216

Joliet (Ill.), Slovenians in, 172

Kansas, Germans in, 141;
Scandinavians in, 156;
Slavs in, 213

Kapp, Frederick, 129, 140

Kaskaskia, French settle, 152

Kearney, Dennis, 193

Kelpius, Johann, leader of Pietists, 69

Kendal (O.), communistic attempt at, 96

Kentucky, not represented in First Census, 25;
admitted as State (1792), 33;
pioneers leave, 36

Kidnaping, labor brought to America by, 8

"Know-Nothing" party, 114, 221

Kotzebue, German publicist, 131

Kruszka, Rev. W.X., estimates number of Poles, in United States, 167 (note)

Ku Klux Klan, 58

Labadists, 68-69

Labor, kidnaping of, 8;
indentured service, 9-10;
Scotch political prisoners sold into service, 12-13;
negro, 60-63;
Irish displaced by other nationalities, 121-22;
Italian, 181;
Chinese, 190-91;
attitude toward Chinese, 193, 194;
treaty limiting Chinese