y of Burgundy, i. 96;
becomes king of the Romans, ii. 89 and _notes_;
ascends the German throne, 94;
he extinguishes the robber-nobles, 96;
institutes the Aulic council, 99;
extent of the empire at his accession, 100.

Mayor of the palace, importance of the office of, i. 6, 113-115, 157.
See Charles Martel, Pepin Heristal, Ebroin.

Medici (Salvestro de') proposes to mitigate the severity of the law in
Florence, i. 434;
rise of his family, 498;
character of Giovanni, _ib._ and _note_;
banishment and recall of Cosmo, 499;
his death: his son Piero, 500;
death of Julian: popularity and princely career of Lorenzo, 501;
his bankruptcy repaired at the cost of the state, 502 and _note_ q;
his title to esteem, 503.

Mendicant friars, first appearance of the, ii. 205;
success of their preachings, 206;
their extensive privileges, 206, 207, and _notes_.

Mercenary troops. See Military Systems.

Merovingian dynasty, character of the times during which it ruled, i. 5;
chronological sketch of its career, 118-120.

Middle ages, period comprised under the term, iii. 269.

Milan, resolute conduct of the people of in the choice of a bishop, i.
366 and _note_ y;
its siege by Frederic I., 372;
destruction of the city, 373;
its statistics in the 13th century, 393;
its public works, 394;
creation of the duchy of Milan, 412;
lax conduct of the Milanese clergy, ii. 187, _note_ g.
See Lombards.

Military systems of the middle ages.
character of the English troops at Crecy, Poitiers, and Azincourt,
i. 55, 77;
disadvantages of feudal obligations in long campaigns, 262;
substitution of mercenaries, 264;
Canute's soldiers, and his institutes respecting them, 264 and
_note_ g;
the mercenaries of the Anglo-Norman kings, 265;
advantages of mercenary troops, _ib._;
high rate of pay to English soldiers, 77 and _note_ t, 266;
establishment of a regular force by Charles VII., 267;
military resources of the Italian cities, 467;
importance of their carroccio, 467 and _note_ d;
their foreign auxiliaries, 468;
arms and armour, 469 and _note_ k;
citizens excused from service, 469;
companies of adventurers: Guarnieri's systematic levies, 471;
spirited refusal of tribute by Florence, 472;
Sir John Hawkwood's career [see Hawkwood];