ca, however, the Spaniards had already
experienced successive defeats, so that when Napoleon advanced against
him, General Moore deemed it prudent to retreat. The French emperor
expressed his joy aloud at seeing the "British leopards" fly before him;
but while pursuing them he received fresh accounts of the preparation of
Austria, and suddenly turning his horse, he returned to Burgos, and from
thence hurried to Paris. Soult was left to combat with the English; and
that general, overtaking them at Corunna, was defeated by them, though
inferior in numbers. The greatest loss on the side of the English was
that of their commander, Sir John Moore, who was mortally wounded by a
cannon-ball. So great was the bravery displayed by General Moore on this
occasion, that his very antagonists erected a monument to his memory.
After his death the command of the army devolved on Sir John Hope, who
pursued a plan devised by General Moore, that of embarkation during the
night, and who carried this plan into effect with complete success.
The British quitted Spain in January, 1800, leaving the Spaniards to
struggle with the French by their own prowess.

The flame of patriotism enkindled in Spain soon spread to Portugal. The
Portuguese arose against Junofc, and they were quickly aided in
their struggle by the English. A small army, collected for a distant
enterprise, was ordered thither, under the command of Sir Arthur
Wellesley. This army landed in August at the mouth of the river Mondego,
north of Lisbon; and soon after Sir Arthur defeated the French forces,
under de la Borde, at Rohia, and the main army, under Junot, at Vimiera.
The result of this last victory was the capitulation of Cintra, in
virtue of which Junot's army was conveyed to France upon English
vessels; and all Portugal was left in the power of the British. From
this time the English had a firm, foundation for their campaigns in the
Peninsula. Subsequently a Russian fleet of nine ships of the line, which
lay in the Tagus, under Admiral Siniavin, surrendered by convention:
it was to be held with all its stores by England as a deposit, till
six months after the conclusion of a peace; the admiral, officers,
and seamen being sent to Russia at the expense of England. After the
evacuation of Portugal by the French troops, a regency was established;
which, by restoring comparative tranquillity, taught the people to
estimate the advantages they had obtained from their British allies