ages.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] See Prescott's Conquest of Peru, 2nd vol. pages 199: 245.

[2] The word _repartimiento_ means, division, partition, distribution,
or apportionment. In the old Spanish historians and English books, such
as Zarate, Garcilasso de la Vega, Fernandez, Robertson, it is uniformly
used to denote the well known allotment of lands and vassal Indians
(_genuine adscripti glebae_) granted to the first conquerors in reward of
their services. In some later writers, this word is applied to the
_monopoly of sales to the Indians_ exercised by the _corregedores_,
under pretext of protecting the Indians from imposition, by the official
distribution of goods. N. A. Review, vol. xx. p. 287.

"Indeed the Spanish court made no scruple of regarding the Indians in
the same light as the beasts and the soil, disposing of them as the
rightful property of the crown; for it was not till 1537, nearly fifty
years after the discovery, that the Pope issued a mandate declaring them
to be really and truly men,--"_ipsos veros homines_,"--and capable of
receiving the Christian faith." N. A. Review, vol. xix. p. 198.

[3] The American trade was confined to Seville until 1720, when it was
removed to Cadiz, as a more convenient port. On the subject of these
oppressions and misgovernment, see Zavala's "Revoluciones de Mexico,"
Introduction;--and North American Review. vol. xx. p. 158.

[4] The subjoined list shows the varieties of parentage and blood
forming the castes throughout Spanish America:

PARENTS.
1. ORIGINAL RACES.
WHITE. European _whites_ are called _gachupines_ or chapetones.
_Whites_, born in the colonies, are called creoles.
NEGRO.
INDIAN.

PARENTS. CHILDREN.
2. CASTES OF WHITE RACE.
White father and Negro mother Mulatto.
White father and Indian mother Mestizo.
White father and Mulatta mother Quarteron.
White father and Meztiza mother Creole, (only distinguishable
from the white by a
pale brown complexion.)
White father and China mother Chino-blanco.
White father and Quarterona mother Quintero.
White father and Quintera mother White.

3. CASTES OF NEGRO RACE.
Negro father and Mulatta mother Zambo-negro.
Negro father and Meztiza mother