oln (14,297, Hayden);
and, in Summit county, Mt. Fletcher (14,265). The Elk range is
geologically interesting for the almost unexampled displacement of the
strata of which it is composed, and the apparent confusion which has
thence arisen. Among the most remarkable of its separate summits, which
rise superbly in a crescent about Aspen, are North Italian Peak
(13,225), displaying the red, white and green of Italy's national
colours, White Rock Mountain (13,532), Mt. Owen (13,102), Teocalli
Mountain (13,220), Snow Mass (13,970, Hayden) and Maroon (14,003,
Hayden) mountains, Castle Peak (14,259), Capitol Mountain (13,997,
Hayden), Pyramid Peak (13,885, Hayden), Taylor Peak (13,419), and about
a dozen other summits above 12,000 ft. A few miles to the north and
north-east of the Mount of the Holy Cross are Red Mountain (13,333,
Wheeler), in Eagle county, Torrey Peak (14,336, Hayden) and Gray's Peak
(14,341, Hayden), in Summit county, Mt. Evans (14,330, Hayden), in Clear
Creek county, and Rosalie Peak (13,575), in Park county; a little
farther north, in Gilpin, Grand and Clear Creek counties, James Peak
(13,283, Hayden), and, in Boulder county, Long's Peak (14,271, Hayden).
Many fine mountains are scattered in the lesser ranges of the state.
Altogether there are at least 180 summits exceeding 12,000 ft. in
altitude, more than 110 above 13,000 and about 40 above 14,000.

Cirques, valley troughs, numberless beautiful cascades, sharpened alpine
peaks and ridges, glacial lakes, and valley moraines offer everywhere
abundant evidence of glacial action, which has modified profoundly
practically all the ranges. The Park Range east of Leadville, and the
Sawatch Range, are particularly fine examples. Much of the grandest
scenery is due to glaciation.

One of the most remarkable orographical features of the state are the
great mountain "parks"--North, Estes, Middle, South and San
Luis--extending from the northern to the southern border of the state,
and lying (with the exception of Middle Park) just east of the
continental divide. These "parks" are great plateaus, not all of them
level, lying below the barriers of surrounding mountain chains. North
Park, the highest of all, is a lovely country of meadow and forest.
Middle Park is not level, but is traversed thickly by low ranges like
the Alleghanies; in the bordering mountain rim are several of the
grandest mountain peaks and some of the most magnificent scenery of the
state. Estes Pa