a tariff, and the locofocos for free
trade. The first for a bank, and the second for no bank, and so forth.

The most enlightened politicians, finding that the wish of sustaining
their own private interest, under the banner of a party, was an erroneous
standing, they attempted to place a distinction between democracy and
republic. So, in Noah Webster, the best american dictionary, we find the
word Republic defined as a commonwealth, a state in which the exercise of
the sovereign power is lodged in representatives, elected by the people as
it is in the United States; thinking it differing from Democracy, with
which the people of Greece exercised the powers of sovereignty in person,
without submitting to any delegate.

As we have no other words, to express the difference of the modern
modification, for these two popular governments, I would have no objection
to admit the definition of the american Johnson. And as in America the
sovereign power is lodged in representatives, the government of the United
States should be called now a republic, and not a democracy. Besides,
since those who call themselves democrats, had never dreamed of changing
the present government, the nice distinction, ought to be admitted by the
locofocos, and call themselves republicans as well as the whigs do. The
greek word, had always meant the people's government, as well as the
latin; Republic is the literal translation of the very word Democracy: and
as the representatives, in doing their duty, will always represent the
will of the people, the word Republic, as it was among the romans, must of
course sound to an american ear, as well as Democracy among the athenians,
or spartans. If we think that for the people, to enjoy their own rights,
it is better to have representatives, who spare them time, and for which
they can go to their daily business, in order to support with their labor
their wives, and children; the republic, and not the democracy should be
the government of our choice: and as this, is a republic; the two parties
should join hands. The republic of the ancients, was Minerva; and this
Divinity sounded to their ears as Wisdom, which is the very Divinity we do
now understand under the word Republic. Sophia, Minerva, or Wisdom are one
single Divinity; Wisdom is Reason, and Reason cannot be divided. If the
republican citizen cannot agree with the errors of his own government, he
has the right to dispute, or combat them: it is his very sacr