ccessibility of documents 20

Possible future progress--Need for the cataloguing and indexing
of documents 27

Students and bibliographical knowledge--Effect of present
conditions in deterring men from historical work 32

The remedies--Official cataloguing of libraries--Activity of
learned societies--of governments 34

Different kinds of bibliographical works needed by students 37

Different degrees of difficulty of Heuristic in different parts of
History--to be kept in view when choosing a subject of
research 38

CHAPTER II

"AUXILIARY SCIENCES"

Documents are raw material, and need a preliminary elaboration 42

Obsolete views on the historian's apprenticeship--Mably,
Daunou 43

Commonplace and exaggeration on this subject--Freeman--Various
futilities 45

The scientific conception of the historian's
apprenticeship--Palaeography--Epigraphy--Philology--Diplomatic 48

History of Literature--Archaeology 51

Criticism of phrase "auxiliary sciences"--The subjects not all
_sciences_--None of them auxiliary to the _whole_ of History 52

This scientific conception is of recent growth--The Ecole des
Chartes--Modern manuals of Palaeography, Epigraphy,
&c.--List of the chief of them 55

BOOK II

_ANALYTICAL OPERATIONS_

CHAPTER I

GENERAL CONDITIONS OF HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE

Direct and indirect knowledge of facts 63

History not a science of direct observation--Its data obtained
by chains of reasoning 64

Twofold division of Historical Criticism: _External_, investigating
the transmission and origin of documents and the
statements in them; _Internal_, dealing with the content
of the statements and their probability 66

Complexity of Historical Criticism 67

Necessity of Criticism--The human mind naturally uncritical 68

SECTION I.--EXTERNAL CRITICISM

CHAPTER II

TEXTUAL CRITICISM

Errors in the repr