. M. frigate "Carysford,"
commanded by George Paulet, was ordered to Honolulu, arriving there
February 10, 1843. On the arrival of the king from Lahaina, Lord Paulet
sent him six demands, threatening war if they were not acceded to by 4
p. m. of the next day. These demands chiefly related to a fraudulent
land claim of Charlton's, and to decisions of the courts in certain
civil suits between foreigners. Before the hour set for hostilities had
arrived, the king acceded to the demands under protest, and appealed to
the British Government for damages. But a fresh series of demands having
been made, and claims for damages having been trumped up amounting to
$80,000, the king decided, by Dr. Judd's advice, to forestall the
intended seizure of the Islands by a provisional cession, pending an
appeal to the justice of the home government.

The act of cession was carried into effect February 25th, 1843. The
British flag took the place of the Hawaiian for five months, and a body
of native troops was organized and drilled by British officers.

The country was meanwhile governed by a mixed commission consisting of
Lord Paulet, Lieutenant Frere, a Mr. Mackay and Dr. Judd.

[Illustration: OAHU COLLEGE.]

[Illustration: PAUAHI HALL, OAHU COLLEGE.]

THE RESTORATION.

On being informed of these events, Admiral Thomas, Commander-in-Chief of
H. B. M.'s naval forces in the Pacific ocean, immediately sailed from
Valparaiso for the Islands, arriving at Honolulu July 25th, 1843. He
immediately issued a proclamation, declaring in the name of his
government that he did not accept of the provisional cession of the
Hawaiian Islands, and on the 31st restored the national flag with
impressive ceremonies. His course was fully approved of by the home
government, and certainly tended to exalt the reputation of his country
for justice and magnanimity in dealing with inferior races.

THE RECOGNITION OF HAWAIIAN INDEPENDENCE.

Meanwhile the Hawaiian embassadors, who had been joined by Mr. Marshall,
the king's envoy, had done effective work in London and Paris. At their
request the matters in dispute had been referred to the law advisers of
the crown, who decided in favor of the Hawaiian Government on every
point except the Charlton land claim. At length, on the 28th of
November, 1843, the two governments of France and England issued a joint
declaration in which they recognized the independence of the Islands,
and reciprocally engaged "never t