ngs, and the harbor was blockaded for ten
days. The fort was dismantled and the king's private yacht confiscated
by way of "reprisal," after which the "Poursuivante" sailed for San
Francisco, taking M. Dillon as a passenger.

THE SECOND EMBASSY TO FRANCE.

The king immediately sent Dr. Judd as special commissioner to France,
accompanied by the two nephews of the king, Alexander, the
heir-apparent, and Lot Kamehameha.

But on arriving in Paris they found that M. Dillon had preceded them,
and still retained the confidence of the Minister of Foreign Affairs.

The embassy, however, agreed with Lord Palmerston upon the basis of a
new treaty with Great Britain.

THE U. S. PROTECTORATE.

The French corvette "Serieuse" arrived at Honolulu, December 13, 1850,
bringing M. Perrin, Commissioner of France, and remained in port three
months.

To the surprise of all, he presented again the identical ten demands of
his predecessor, and resumed his policy of petty annoyance and
interference with internal affairs of the kingdom. At length his
attitude became so menacing that the king and privy council passed a
proclamation placing the Islands provisionally under the protectorate of
the United States. This action was ratified by the next Legislature.
Although it was finally declined by the United States, it had the
desired effect, and the obnoxious demands were dropped.

THE CONSTITUTION OF 1852.

Was a very liberal one for the times, and has formed the basis of all
succeeding constitutions. The nobles were to be appointed by the kings
for life. The representatives, who were to be not less than twenty-four
in number, were to be elected by universal suffrage.

INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS.

Between the years 1850 and 1860 a large part of the government land was
sold to the common people in small tracts at nominal prices.

The rapid settlement of California opened a new market for the
productions of the Islands, and gave a great stimulus to agriculture.
For a time large profits were made by raising potatoes for the
California market. Wheat was cultivated in the Makawao district, and a
steam flouring mill was erected in Honolulu in 1854. The next year 463
barrels of Hawaiian flour were exported. A coffee plantation was started
at Hanalei, Kauai, in 1842, and promised well, but was attacked by
blight after the severe drought of 1851-2. The export of coffee rose to
208,000 pounds in 1850, but then fell off. The export of sugar on