ampaign expenses; second, that since he had made
such statement under oath he was guilty of perjury; third, that he had
bribed witnesses to withhold testimony from the investigating committee;
fourth, that he had used threats in suppression of evidence before the
same tribunal; fifth, that he had persuaded a witness from responding to
the committee's subpoena; sixth, that he had used campaign contributions
for private speculation in the stock market; seventh, that he had used
his power as Governor to influence the political action of certain
officials; lastly, that he had used this power for affecting the stock
market to his gain.

Unfortunately for the Governor, the first, second, and sixth charges had
a background of facts, although the rest were ridiculous and trivial. By
a vote of 43 to 12 he was removed from the governorship. The proceeding
was not merely an impeachment of New York's Governor. It was an
impeachment of its government. Every citizen knew that if Sulzer had
obeyed Murphy, his shortcomings would never have been his undoing.

The great commonwealth of Pennsylvania was for sixty years under
the domination of the House of Cameron and the House of Quay. Simon
Cameron's entry into public notoriety was symbolic of his whole career.
In 1838, he was one of a commission of two to disburse to the Winnebago
Indians at Prairie du Chien $100,000 in gold. But, instead of receiving
gold, the poor Indians received only a few thousand dollars in the notes
of a bank of which Cameron was the cashier. Cameron was for this reason
called "the Great Winnebago." He built a large fortune by canal and
railway contracts, and later by rolling-mills and furnaces. He was one
of the first men in American politics to purchase political power by the
lavish use of cash, and to use political power for the gratification of
financial greed. In 1857 he was elected to the United States Senate as a
Republican by a legislature in which the Democrats had a majority.
Three Democrats voted for him, and so bitter was the feeling against the
renegade trio that no hotel in Harrisburg would shelter them.

In 1860 he was a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination.
President Lincoln made him Secretary of War. But his management was so
ill-savored that a committee of leading business men from the largest
cities of the country told the President that it was impossible to
transact business with such a man. These complaints coupled with
othe