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the building department of the city, before the work is started. If
the plan is approved by the plumbing inspector and acceptance is
sent, then the work can be started. After a job is completed a test
is made and the job is inspected by the plumbing inspector, and if
found to meet requirements a written acceptance of the work is
given by the building department. An effort is being made
throughout the country to have the plumbing codes under State
control rather than have a number of different codes in as many
different cities and towns. The State code can be so arranged that
it will apply to either city or town.

The installation of plumbing varies in different States. In the
northern part of the United States all pipes which pass through the
roof, if less than 4-inch must be increased to 4-inch. A pipe
smaller than 4-inch will be filled with hoar frost during the
winter and render the pipe useless to perform its function as a
vent pipe. Pipes laid under ground in the Northern States must be
at least 4 feet below the surface to protect them from freezing. In
the Southern States the frost does not penetrate the ground to such
a distance and the pipes can be laid on the surface.

Following is a State or City plumbing code insofar as it relates to
the actual installation of plumbing.

SEC. 1. PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS.--There shall be a separate
plan for each building, public or private, or any addition
thereto, or alterations thereof, accompanied by specifications
showing the location, size and kind of pipe, traps, closets
and fixtures to be used, which plans and specifications shall
be filed with the board or bureau of buildings. The said plans
and specifications shall be furnished by the architect,
plumber or owner, and filed by the plumber. All applications
for change in plans must be made in writing.

SEC. 2. FILING PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS.--Plumbers before
commencing the construction of plumbing work in any building
(except in case of repairs, which are here defined to relate
to the mending of leaks in soil, vent, or waste pipes,
faucets, valves and water-supply pipes, and shall not be
construed to admit of the replacing of any fixture, such as
water closets, bath tubs, lavatories, sinks, etc., or the
respective traps for such fixtures) shall submit to the bureau
plans and specifications, legibly drawn in ink, on blanks