| 107
Italy | 69 | France | 126
England | 75 | Jews | 230
-----------------------------------

[Footnote 16: _Dictionary of Statistics_, p. 383.]

According to Uchermann the ratio is 690 or 6.9 per cent, including
marriages between second cousins and nearer.[17] Dr. Peer says that 4
per cent of the marriages in Saxony are consanguineous.[18] The ratio
seems to be increasing in France but diminishing in Alsace and Italy,
as indicated in Table II.[19]

[Footnote 17: _Les Sourds-muets en Norvege_. Quoted by Feer, p. 9.]

[Footnote 18: _Der Einfluss der Blutsverwandschaft der Eltern auf die
Kinder_, p. 9.]

[Footnote 19: Mulhall, _Dictionary of Statistics_, p. 383.]

TABLE II.
---------------------------------------------------------
Country.| Date. |Ratio.[A]| Country.| Date. |Ratio.[A]
---------------------------------------------------------
France | 1853-60| 97 | France | 1861-71 | 126
Alsace | 1858-65| 143 | Alsace | 1872-75 | 107
Italy | 1868-71| 84 | Italy | 1872-75 | 69
---------------------------------------------------------
[A] Per 10,000.

In Italy the ratio varies greatly in different parts of the country.
Mulhall gives the following figures for the years 1872-75:

TABLE III.
------------------------------------------
Province.| Ratio.[A]| Province.| Ratio.[A]
------------------------------------------
Venice | 24 | Sicily | 117
Naples | 30 | Piedmont | 131
Lombardy | 100 | Liguria | 183
------------------------------------------
[A] Per 10,000.

It will be noted that the lowest ratios are in provinces where the
urban population is comparatively large. Wherever statistics have been
gathered it is the rule that the percentage of consanguineous marriage
is greater in rural than in urban districts. Table IV, also from
Mulhall, illustrates this point.

TABLE IV.
-------------------------------------------------
|_Ratio per 10,000 Marriages_.
-------------------------------------------------
Country. | Rural.| Urban. | General.
-------------------------------------------------
England | 79 | 71 | 75
France | 130 | 115 | 126
Alsace | 121 | 41 | 107
Norway[A] (Uchermann)| 810 | 260 | 690
-------------------------------------------------
[A] Includes s