ith
favour."

When washing the left hand, say: "O my God, place not at the resurrection
the book of my actions in my left hand." Similar prayers are said at each
act.

[188] From the account which follows it will be seen that the term Namaz
expresses what we term a 'Service.' The word for prayer in the ordinary
sense is 'Du'a.'

[189] It is taken from the Sirat-un-Najat, pp. 30-33.

[190] As the use of bells is unlawful a man is employed to call the people
to prayers.

[191] "God is Great."

[192] The followers of Imam As-Shafa'i and the women of all sects place the
hands upon the breast. The feet should be about four inches apart; women
stand with the feet close together.

[193] The second rak'at begins here: all that precedes is only repeated at
the first rak'at.

[194] A fixed portion is said in each rak'at during the nights of Ramazan,
which portion is then called a ruku'. (Ante. p. 57.)

[195] In a mosque the Imam says the first sentences alone; the people the
second.

[196] Women in the Sijda keep all the limbs of the body close together, and
put both feet at right angles to the body. If their face is Qibla-wards it
is sufficient.

[197] Here the Shia'hs say:--"I rise and sit by the power of God."

[198] This is said at the close of every two rak'ats.

[199] The Shia'hs stop here and omit the rest.

[200] The Shia'hs omit the Du'a and say: "Peace be on thee, O Prophet, with
the mercy of God and His blessing. Peace be on us and on God's righteous
servants."

[201] The Fatva, or decree, will be found in a note at the end of this
chapter.

[202] I am indebted to Hughes' Notes on Muhammadanism for this excellent
table.

[203] The Musalli may say five or three witr rak'ats instead of seven.

[204] Nur-ul-Hidaayat, p. 155.

[205] In countries under Muslim rule he holds a wooden sword reversed.

[206] One who says, "Allahu Akbar--God is Great."

[207] A reference to his presence with Muhammad in the cave (ghar) when
they fled from Mecca to Madina. See Sura ix. 40.

[208] Nur-ul-Hidayat, p. 153.

[209] Sirat-un-Najat, p. 40.

[210] Qiam is one of the positions in a Namaz and is here used by
synecdoche for it. In Mecca the Salat-ut-Tarawih is called with reference
to this Tradition the Salat-ul-Qiamiah.

[211] Nur-ul-Hidayat, p. 141.

[212] That is, a non-Muslim who is allowed to reside in a Musalman State on
payment of a special tax.

[213] The Shafa'ites raise the hands at the recita