the pottery probably belonged to a period not much
earlier than the Roman occupation. Against this idea we have a most
interesting statement made on another occasion by Professor Boyd Dawkins
concerning one of the human bones; on examining the femur illustrated here
he said that it could only have belonged to an individual possessing
prehensile toes, and he also pointed out that the ends of this bone show
signs of having been gnawed by dogs or similar animals. Captain Duncombe,
who was to some extent quoting Professor Boyd Dawkins, said that the bones
were "apparently those of a very small race." The complete skeleton of a
young woman was found with the exception of the skull. "Though an adult,"
he says, "she could not, judging from the thigh-bones, have exceeded 4
feet 6 inches in height, and the owner of the longest thigh-bone would not
have exceeded 5 feet. Though the bones are those of a people of short
stature they are remarkable for their very prominent ridges for the
attachment of the muscles, such as are quite unknown at the present day in
England. They denote a race inured to hard toil, or one leading a life of
constant activity." On the breast bone of the woman were found the two
ornaments illustrated. They were made from the tines of a red deer's horn.

[Footnote 1: _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, New Series
(1899), vol. i. p. 150.]

[Illustration: DETAILS OF THE DISCOVERIES IN THE LAKE DWELLINGS.

A vase of black earthenware.
Two pieces of horn, one showing attempts to cut with some
instrument. The lower piece has been neatly cut at both ends.
A whorl stone for weaving.
A human femur (thigh bone). The ends show signs of having
been gnawed by wolves.
Ornaments made from deer's horn, found with the skeleton of a woman.
Fragment of a large earthenware jar or urn.
A sketch plan of the excavations (_from the Proceedings of the
Yorkshire Geological and Polytechnic Society_).
]

Another interesting discovery was the evidence of different attempts to
cut some pieces of deer's horn. The shallow grooves were probably made by
rubbing with a rib bone or some other sharp edge and sand and water. A
small black vase unornamented but in perfect condition was dug up near the
remains of the young woman. There were numerous skulls of the prehistoric
ox or bos longifrons and also of the straight-horned sheep. A piece of the
antlers of a great palmated deer now extinct tends to place th