l
concessions. By means of a conciliatory attitude he hoped to induce
them to abate some of their demands. There is, indeed, evidence that
he was personally willing to go further: he seems to have proposed to
William IV that the French Canadians should be granted, as they
desired, an elective Legislative Council; but the staunch old Tory king
would not hear of the change. 'The king objects on principle,' the
ministers were told, 'and upon what he {47} considers sound
constitutional principle, to the adoption of the elective principle in
the constitution of the legislative councils in the colonies.' In 1836
the king had not yet become a negligible factor in determining the
policy of the government; and the idea was dropped.

Lord Gosford arrived in Canada at the end of the summer of 1835 to find
himself confronted with a discouraging state of affairs. A short
session of the Assembly in the earlier part of the year had been marked
by unprecedented violence. Papineau had attacked Lord Aylmer in
language breathing passion; and had caused Lord Aylmer's reply to the
address of the Assembly containing the Ninety-Two Resolutions to be
expunged from the journals of the House as 'an insult cast at the whole
nation.' Papineau had professed himself hopeless of any amendment of
grievances by Great Britain. 'When Reform ministries, who called
themselves our friends,' he said, 'have been deaf to our complaints,
can we hope that a Tory ministry, the enemy of Reform, will give us a
better hearing? We have nothing to expect from the Tories unless we
can inspire them with fear or worry them by ceaseless importunity.' It
{48} should be observed, however, that in 1835 Papineau explicitly
disclaimed any intention of stirring up civil war. When Gugy, one of
the English members of the Assembly,[1] accused him of such an
intention, Papineau replied:

Mr Gugy has talked to us again about an outbreak and civil war--a
ridiculous bugbear which is regularly revived every time the House
protests against these abuses, as it was under Craig, under Dalhousie,
and still more persistently under the present governor. Doubtless the
honourable gentleman, having studied military tactics as a lieutenant
in the militia--I do not say as a major, for he has been a major only
for the purposes of the parade-ground and the ball-room--is quite
competent to judge of the results of a civil war and of the forces of
the country, but he need not fancy that