man mind abstracts
in order to explain, 219. Different cycles of operation in
Nature, 220. Darwin's distinction between causes that produce
and causes that preserve a variation, 221. Physiological causes
produce, the environment only adopts or preserves, great men,
225. When adopted they become social ferments, 226. Messrs.

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Spencer and Allen criticised, 232. Messrs. Wallace and
Gryzanowski quoted, 239. The laws of history, 244. Mental
evolution, 245. Analogy between original ideas and Darwin's
accidental variations, 247. Criticism of Spencer's views, 251.

THE IMPORTANCE OF INDIVIDUALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Small differences may be important, 256. Individual
differences are important because they are the causes of social
change, 259. Hero-worship justified, 261.

ON SOME HEGELISMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

The world appears as a pluralism, 264. Elements of unity in
the pluralism, 268. Hegel's excessive claims, 273. He makes of
negation a bond of union, 273. The principle of totality, 277.
Monism and pluralism, 279. The fallacy of accident in Hegel,
280. The good and the bad infinite, 284. Negation, 286.
Conclusion, 292.--Note on the Anaesthetic revelation, 294.

WHAT PSYCHICAL RESEARCH HAS ACCOMPLISHED . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

The unclassified residuum, 299. The Society for Psychical
Research and its history, 303. Thought-transference, 308.
Gurney's work, 309. The census of hallucinations, 312.
Mediumship, 313. The 'subliminal self,' 315. 'Science' and her
counter-presumptions, 317. The scientific character of
Mr. Myers's work, 320. The mechanical-impersonal view of life
versus the personal-romantic view, 324.

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329

{1}

ESSAYS

IN

POPULAR PHILOSOPHY.

THE WILL TO BELIEVE.[1]

In the recently published Life by Leslie Stephen of his brother,
Fitz-James, there is an account of a school to which the latter went
when he was a boy. The teacher, a certain Mr. Guest, used to converse
with his pupils in this wise: "Gurney, what is the difference between
justification and sanctification?--Stephen, prove the omnipotence of
God!" etc. In the midst of our Harvard freethinking and indifference
we are prone to imagine that here at your good old orthodox College
conversation continues to be somewh