o bear them individually most gratefully in mind.

BALTIMORE, January, 1899.

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER I PAGE

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

CHAPTER II

THE BREADWINNER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

CHAPTER III

THE BREADWINNER AT HOME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

CHAPTER IV

THE HOMEMAKER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

CHAPTER V

THE CHILDREN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

CHAPTER VI

HEALTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

CHAPTER VII

SPENDING AND SAVING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

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CHAPTER VIII

RECREATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

CHAPTER IX

RELIEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

CHAPTER X

THE CHURCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

CHAPTER XI

THE FRIENDLY VISITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

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GENERAL REFERENCES

Proceedings of National Conferences of Charities and Correction, 25
volumes, especially portions containing reports of sections on
Child-Saving and Organization of Charities. The Conference Reports
constitute the best American authority on charities. Special papers in
the Reports are noted in this book after the appropriate chapters.

Proceedings of International Congress of Charities, Correction and
Philanthropy, Chicago, 1893, especially volumes on "Care of Children"
and "Organization of Charities." Published by Johns Hopkins Press,
Baltimore.

"Homes of the London Poor," Octavia Hill. For sale by New York State
Charities Aid Association, 25 cents.

"Essays," Octavia Hill. For sale by Boston Associated Charities;
price, 10 cents.

"Rich and Poor," Mrs. Bernard Bosanquet.

"How to help the Poor," Mrs. James T. Fields.

"Public Relief and Private Charity," Mrs. Josephine Shaw Lowell.

"American Charities," A. G. Warner.

"Hull House Maps and Papers."

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FRIENDLY VISITING AMONG THE POOR

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

There is a certain development in the English novel of which I have
long seemed to be vaguely conscious. At one time I hoped to set myself
the task of tracin