by adding
_Notes_, the modern Reader ought to thank him for his Pains, and not
think his Labour superfluous.

'Tis hop'd then that the _Notes_, that I have added, will be kindly
receiv'd. The Reader will nevertheless be at full Liberty to peruse
them, or to pass them over. If he if but so favourable as to approve
of the Translation it self, this will be a sufficient Satisfaction to
the Translator, and be looked upon as no finall Commendation of the
Performance. For a Translation, if it be well performed, ought in
Justice to be receiv'd as a good Commentary_.

SECT. II.

There is no Kind of polite Writing that seems to require a deeper
Knowledge, a livelier Imagination, and a happier Turn of Expression
than the Characteristic. Human Nature, in its various Forms and
Affections, is the Subject; and he who wou'd attempt a Work of this
Kind, with some assurance of Success, must not only study other Men;
he has a more difficult Task to perform; he must study himself. The
deep and dark Recesses of the Heart must be penetrated, to discover
how Nature is disguis'd into Art, and how Art puts on the Appearance
of Nature.--This Knowledge is great; 'tis the Perfection of Moral
Philosophy; 'tis an inestimable Treasure: But yet if it shou'd fall
into the Hands of one, who wants proper Abilities to communicate his
Knowledge to the World, it wou'd be of no Service but to the Owner: It
wou'd make him, indeed, an able Philosopher, but not an able Writer of
Characters.

The Mind has its peculiar Features as well as the Body; and these
must be represented in their genuine and native Colours, that so the
Picture may strike, and every Reader, who is concern'd in the Work,
may presently discover himself; and those, who are unconcern'd may,
nevertheless, immediately perceive a just Correspondence between that
Piece and Nature.

Every Action has its proper Thought, and every Thought its proper
Expression. And these Correspondences are not imaginary, but have a
real Foundation in Nature: For when any one of these is wanting, the
whole is lame and defective, but when they all meet and conspire
together, the Character is then genuine and compleat, the Thing
or Person design'd is drawn to the Life, and the Reader is left
uncertain, whether the Character, that lies before him, is an Effect
of Art, or a real Appearance of Nature.--A Master-Piece of this Kind,
requires the Hand of one who is a Critic in Men and Manners, a Critic
in Tho