of them being extremely limited in distribution. Some are
confined to particular river valleys or even to single rivers, others
inhabit the lakes of a limited district only, while some are {341} confined
to single lakes, often of small area, and these latter offer examples of
the most restricted distribution of any organisms whatever. Cases of this
kind are found in our own islands, and deserve our especial attention. It
has long been known that some of our lakes possessed peculiar species of
trout and charr, but how far these were unknown on the continent, and how
many of those in different parts of our islands were really distinct, had
not been ascertained till Dr. Guenther, so well known for his extensive
knowledge of the species of fishes, obtained numerous specimens from every
part of the country, and by comparison with all known continental species
determined their specific differences. The striking and unexpected result
has thus been attained, that no less than fifteen well-marked species of
freshwater fishes are altogether peculiar to the British Islands. The
following is the list, with their English names and localities:--[83]

_Freshwater Fishes peculiar to the British Isles._

_Latin Name._ | _English Name._ | _Locality._
| |
1. SALMO BRACHYPOMA |Short-headed salmon|Firth of Forth, Tweed,
| |Ouse.
| |
2. ,, GALLIVENSIS |Galway sea-trout |Galway, West Ireland.
| |
3. ,, ORCADENSIS |Loch Stennis trout |Lakes of Orkney.
| |
4. ,, FEROX |Great lake trout |Larger lakes of Scotland,
| |Ireland, the N. of England,
| |and Wales.
| |
5. ,, STOMACHICUS |Gillaroo trout |Lakes of Ireland.
| |
6. ,, NIGRIPINNIS |Black-finned trout |Mountain lochs of Wales
| |and Scotland.
| |
7. ,, LEVENENSIS |Loch Leven Trout |Loch Leven, Loch Lomond,
| |Windermere.
|